Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24915045›Full record

ArticleNature communications2014

A synthetic sex ratio distortion system for the control of the human malaria mosquito.

Roberto Galizi, Lindsey A Doyle, Miriam Menichelli, Federica Bernardini, Anne Deredec, Austin Burt, Barry L Stoddard, Nikolai Windbichler, Andrea Crisanti

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 163 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
163citing papers in PubMed
32.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

163 citing papers in PubMed, 378 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  9. Age-dependent mating dynamics, body size, and sex ratio in colonisedCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
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  15. Article
  16. ExploitingPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Engineering drive-selection balance for localized population suppression with neutral dynamics.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. History of Mosquito Transgenesis: A Perspective in Review.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025
    Review

103 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.

Roberto Galizi1] Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK [2] Centro di Genomica Funzionale, University of Perugia, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale Via Gambuli, Edificio D, 3° Piano, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
Lindsey A DoyleDivision of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
Miriam MenichelliDepartment of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Federica BernardiniDepartment of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Anne DeredecDepartment of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Austin BurtDepartment of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Barry L StoddardDivision of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
Nikolai Windbichler1] Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK [2].
Andrea Crisanti1] Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK [2] Centro di Genomica Funzionale, University of Perugia, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale Via Gambuli, Edificio D, 3° Piano, 06132 Perugia, Italy [3].
University of London · GBFred Hutch Cancer Center · USUniversidad de Londres · MXBiologie et Gestion des Risques en Agriculture · FR

Funding

European Research Council 335724
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

It has been theorized that inducing extreme reproductive sex ratios could be a method to suppress or eliminate pest populations. Limited knowledge about the genetic makeup and mode of action of naturally occurring sex distorters and the prevalence of co-evolving suppressors has hampered their use for control. Here we generate a synthetic sex distortion system by exploiting the specificity of the homing endonuclease I-PpoI, which is able to selectively cleave ribosomal gene sequences of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae that are located exclusively on the mosquito's X chromosome. We combine structure-based protein engineering and molecular genetics to restrict the activity of the potentially toxic endonuclease to spermatogenesis. Shredding of the paternal X chromosome prevents it from being transmitted to the next generation, resulting in fully fertile mosquito strains that produce >95% male offspring. We demonstrate that distorter male mosquitoes can efficiently suppress caged wild-type mosquito populations, providing the foundation for a new class of genetic vector control strategies.

Indexed as

Insect VectorsMosquito ControlSex RatioAnimalsAnimals, Genetically ModifiedAnophelesFemaleMalariaMaleX Chromosome

Identifiers

PMID24915045
PMCPMC4057611
OpenAlexW2122404497

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.