ArticleRetrovirology2014
HIV-1 Vpr stimulates NF-κB and AP-1 signaling by activating TAK1.
Article in Retrovirology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dual Functionality of miRNAs During HIV Infection: From Viral Genome Suppression to Immune Response Modulation.Epigenomes · 2026Review
- The role of liver macrophages in viral liver pathogenesis.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2025Review
- The Hallmarks of Ageing in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and the Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy on Telomeres: A Molecular Perspective.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Heat shock protein 90 is a chaperone regulator of HIV-1 latency.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Effect of Kinases in Extracellular Vesicles from HIV-1-Infected Cells on Bystander Cells.Cells · 2025Article
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- Microglia and macrophages alterations in the CNS during acute SIV infection: A single-cell analysis in rhesus macaques.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- CRL4-DCAF1 Ubiquitin Ligase Dependent Functions of HIV Viral Protein R and Viral Protein X.Viruses · 2024Review
- Influenza virus infection activates TAK1 to suppress RIPK3-independent apoptosis and RIPK1-dependent necroptosis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Article
- Microglia and macrophages alterations in the CNS during acute SIV infection: a single-cell analysis in rhesus macaques.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- HIV-1 Vpr Functions in Primary CD4Viruses · 2024Review
- HIV-1 Vpr-induced DNA damage activates NF-κB through ATM-NEMO independent of cell cycle arrest.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Enhanced NF-κB activation via HIV-1 Tat-TRAF6 cross-talk.Science advances · 2024Article
- Vpr attenuates antiviral immune responses and is critical for full pathogenicity of SIViScience · 2023Article
- Proximity proteomics reveals role of Abelson interactor 1 in the regulation of TAK1/RIPK1 signaling.Molecular oncology · 2023Article
- Review
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- H5N1 infection impairs the alveolar epithelial barrier through intercellular junction proteins via Itch-mediated proteasomal degradation.Communications biology · 2022Article
- The CCCH-Type Zinc Finger Antiviral Protein Relieves Immunosuppression of T Cells Induced by Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroup J via the NLP-PKC-δ-NFAT Pathway.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Vpr protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) plays an important role in viral replication. It has been reported that Vpr stimulates the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) signaling pathways, and thereby regulates viral and host cell gene expression. However, the molecular mechanism behind this function of Vpr is not fully understood.
resultsHere, we have identified transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) as the important upstream signaling molecule that Vpr associates with in order to activate NF-κB and AP-1 signaling. HIV-1 virion-associated Vpr is able to stimulate phosphorylation of TAK1. This activity of Vpr depends on its association with TAK1, since the S79A Vpr mutant lost interaction with TAK1 and was unable to activate TAK1. This association allows Vpr to promote the interaction of TAB3 with TAK1 and increase the polyubiquitination of TAK1, which renders TAK1 phosphorylation. In further support of the key role of TAK1 in this function of Vpr, knockdown of endogenous TAK1 significantly attenuated the ability of Vpr to activate NF-κB and AP-1 as well as the ability to stimulate HIV-1 LTR promoter.
conclusionsHIV-1 Vpr enhances the phosphorylation and polyubiquitination of TAK1, and as a result, activates NF-κB and AP-1 signaling pathways and stimulates HIV-1 LTR promoter.
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