ArticlePediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology2014
Antibiotics in the first week of life is a risk factor for allergic rhinitis at school age.
Article in Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in children exposed to pets: a meta-analysis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024Pooled it
- Presepsin for the Diagnosis of Neonatal Early-Onset Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA pediatrics · 2022Pooled it
- The relationship of prenatal antibiotic exposure and infant antibiotic administration with childhood allergies: a systematic review.BMC pediatrics · 2020Pooled it
- Early life factors and genetic interactions in allergic rhinitis: a genome-wide study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- The nasal-oral microbiome axis in allergic rhinitis: environmental triggers, microbial dysbiosis, and immune dysregulation.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Review
- The Prevalence of Allergic Rhinitis in Korean Children: Nationwide Surveys in the Periods 1995-2022.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2025Article
- Factorial vignettes describe suspected early onset sepsis practice variation in a multicenter NICU antibiotic stewardship collaborative.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Article
- An unusually high prevalence of allergic rhinitis at high altitudes in 6-7 year old children - An epidemiological study.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2024Article
- Impact of Physician Characteristics on Late-Onset Sepsis (LOS) Evaluation in the NICU.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Identifying the Risk Factors of Allergic Rhinitis Based on Zhihu Comment Data Using a Topic-Enhanced Word-Embedding Model: Mixed Method Study and Cluster Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Article
- New progress in pediatric allergic rhinitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The potential role of heparin-binding protein in neonatal sepsis: research progress.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
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- Dysbiosis of the gut and lung microbiome has a role in asthma.Seminars in immunopathology · 2020Review
- Early antibiotic exposure and development of asthma and allergic rhinitis in childhood.BMC pediatrics · 2019Article
- Early-life antibiotic use and subsequent diagnosis of food allergy and allergic diseases.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2017Article
- Prevention of allergies in childhood - where are we now?Allergologie select · 2017Review
- Early-Life Host-Microbiome Interphase: The Key Frontier for Immune Development.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2017Review
- The allergic march comprises the coexistence of related patterns of allergic disease not just the progressive development of one disease.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHeredity as well as external factors influences the development of allergic rhinitis. The aim of this study was to analyse early risk factors and protective factors for allergic rhinitis at school age.
methodsThis is a prospective, longitudinal study of children born in western Sweden in 2003 where 50% of the birth cohort was randomly selected. The parents answered questionnaires at 6 months, 12 months, 4.5 yr and 8 yr. At 8 yr, 5044 questionnaires were distributed. Of these, 4051 responded, that is, 80.3%. Current allergic rhinitis was defined as symptoms and use of medication during the past 12 months.
resultsCurrent allergic rhinitis at 8 yr was reported by 10.9%. Mean onset age was 5.7 yr, and 61.9% were boys. In a multivariate analysis, antibiotics in the first week of life increased the risk of allergic rhinitis (adjusted odds ratio 1.75, 95% confidence interval (1.03, 2.97)). Increased risk was also seen with parental allergic rhinitis (aOR 2.73 (2.12, 3.52)), food allergy first year (aOR 2.45 (1.61, 3.73)), eczema first year (aOR 1.97 (1.50, 2.59)) and male gender (aOR 1.35 (1.05, 1.74)). Living on a farm at 4.5 yr reduced the risk (aOR 0.31 (0.13, 0.78)).
conclusionAntibiotics in the first week of life increased the risk of allergic rhinitis at school age, while living on a farm at preschool age reduced the risk. Both findings are compatible with the hygiene hypothesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.