ReviewStatistics in medicine2014
Estimation of diagnostic test accuracy without full verification: a review of latent class methods.
Review in Statistics in medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Sensitivity and specificity of International Classification of Diseases algorithms (ICD-9 and ICD-10) used to identify opioid-related overdose cases: A systematic review and an example of estimation using Bayesian latent class models in the absence of gold standards.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2024Pooled it
- Assessing Bias and Limitations of Clinical Validation Studies of Molecular Diagnostic Tests for Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Repeated doses of Praziquantel in Schistosomiasis Treatment (RePST) - single versus multiple praziquantel treatments in school-aged children in Côte d'Ivoire: a study protocol for an open-label, randomised controlled trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Trial
- Using directed acyclic graphs to illustrate common sources of bias in diagnostic test accuracy studies.International journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Accuracy of two Sepsityper MALDI-TOF MS methods for bacterial identification in bloodstream infections in dogs, foals, and calves using Bayesian latent class model.The veterinary quarterly · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Diagnostic Performance of Long-Read Metagenomic Sequencing Compared to Culture and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing for Detection of Bovine Respiratory Bacteria and Indicators of Antimicrobial Resistance.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Optimizing Oral Cancer Screening: Latent Class Analysis of Chairside Adjuncts in a High-Risk Dental Cohort.Cureus · 2025Article
- Intention-to-diagnose and distinct research foci in diagnostic accuracy studies.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Comparative performance and age dependence of tuberculin and defined antigen bovine tuberculosis skin tests assessed with Bayesian latent class analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A review of methods for the analysis of diagnostic tests performed in sequence.Diagnostic and prognostic research · 2024Review
- RT-qPCR Testing and Performance Metrics in the COVID-19 Era.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- An integrative latent class model of heterogeneous data modalities for diagnosing kidney obstruction.Biostatistics (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Comparative analysis of tuberculin and defined antigen skin tests for detection of bovine tuberculosis in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Haryana state, India.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Mixture of regressions with multivariate responses for discovering subtypes in Alzheimer's biomarkers with detection limits.Data science in science · 2024Article
- Conditional independence as a statistical assessment of evidence integration processes.PloS one · 2024Article
- Conditional independence as a statistical assessment of evidence integration processes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Evaluation of Kato-Katz and multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction performance for clinical helminth infections in Thailand using a latent class analysis.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Article
- Review of Statistical and Methodological Issues in the Forensic Prediction of Malingering from Validity Tests: Part I: Statistical Issues.Neuropsychology review · 2023Review
- Clinically Adjudicated Reference Standards for Evaluation of Infectious Diseases Diagnostics.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The performance of a diagnostic test is best evaluated against a reference test that is without error. For many diseases, this is not possible, and an imperfect reference test must be used. However, diagnostic accuracy estimates may be biased if inaccurately verified status is used as the truth. Statistical models have been developed to handle this situation by treating disease as a latent variable. In this paper, we conduct a systematized review of statistical methods using latent class models for estimating test accuracy and disease prevalence in the absence of complete verification.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.