A general theory of transition to addiction it was and a general theory of transition to addiction it is: reply to the commentaries of Ahmed, Badiani, George & Koob, Kalivas & Gipson, and Tiffany.

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

1. The Continuing Challenges of Studying Parallel Behaviours in Humans and Animal Models.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2025
   Review
2. Individual differences in biological regulation: Predicting vulnerability to drug addiction, obesity, and other dysregulatory disorders.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2020
   Article
3. Toward more efficient diagnostic criteria sets and rules: The use of optimization approaches in addiction science.Addictive behaviors · 2019
   Article
4. Compulsive sucrose- and cocaine-seeking behaviors in male and female Wistar rats.Psychopharmacology · 2018
   Article
5. Glutamatergic mechanisms of comorbidity between acute stress and cocaine self-administration.Molecular psychiatry · 2016
   Article
6. The Nucleus Accumbens: Mechanisms of Addiction across Drug Classes Reflect the Importance of Glutamate Homeostasis.Pharmacological reviews · 2016
   Review
7. Sex Differences in Animal Models: Focus on Addiction.Pharmacological reviews · 2016
   Review
8. Predicting addictive vulnerability: individual differences in initial responding to a drug's pharmacological effects.PloS one · 2015
   Article

Corrections and comments

• Comment on
  A multistep general theory of transition to addiction.2013
• Comment on
  A redescription of data does not count as a general theory.2014
• Comment on
  "Mourning" a lost opportunity.2014
• Comment on
  Consideration of a comprehensive animal model of addiction: the limitations of modeling a counterfeit condition.2014
• Comment on
  Is a 'general' theory of addiction possible? A commentary on: a multistep general theory of transition to addiction.2014
• Comment on
  Negative reinforcement via motivational withdrawal is the driving force behind the transition to addiction.2014

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as