ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2014
Mechanisms of antiviral action of plant antimicrobials against murine norovirus.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Antioxidant and Antiviral Potential of Cold-Brewed and Cold-Concentrated Plant Extracts.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Virucidal Efficacy of Organic Acids and Plant Essential Oils.Food and environmental virology · 2025Article
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- Efficacy of an Edible Coating with Carvacrol and Citral in Frozen Strawberries and Blueberries to Control Foodborne Pathogens.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Cell Extracts Derived from Cypress and Cedar Show Antiviral Activity against Enveloped Viruses.Microorganisms · 2024Article
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- Antiviral Natural Products, Their Mechanisms of Action and Potential Applications as Sanitizers and Disinfectants.Food and environmental virology · 2023Review
- In Vivo Evaluation of the Potential of Thyme and Lemon Hydrolates as Processing Aids to Reduce Norovirus Concentration during Oyster Depuration.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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- Impact of Theaflavins-Enriched Tea Leaf Extract TY-1 against Surrogate Viruses of Human Norovirus: In Vitro Virucidal Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Virucidal and Immunostimulating Activities of Monogalactosyl Diacylglyceride fromMarine drugs · 2022Article
- Inhibition ofPharmaceutics · 2022Article
- The effect of exogenously applied plant growth regulators and zinc on some physiological characteristics and essential oil constituents of Moldavian balm (Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology · 2021Article
- Antiviral Potential of Plants against Noroviruses.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Rose Flowers-A Delicate Perfume or a Natural Healer?Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Antiviral Effects ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Numerous plant compounds have antibacterial or antiviral properties; however, limited research has been conducted with nonenveloped viruses. The efficacies of allspice oil, lemongrass oil, and citral were evaluated against the nonenveloped murine norovirus (MNV), a human norovirus surrogate. The antiviral mechanisms of action were also examined using an RNase I protection assay, a host cell binding assay, and transmission electron microscopy. All three antimicrobials produced significant reductions (P ≤ 0.05) in viral infectivity within 6 h of exposure (0.90 log10 to 1.88 log10). After 24 h, the reductions were 2.74, 3.00, and 3.41 log10 for lemongrass oil, citral, and allspice oil, respectively. The antiviral effect of allspice oil was both time and concentration dependent; the effects of lemongrass oil and citral were time dependent. Based on the RNase I assay, allspice oil appeared to act directly upon the viral capsid and RNA. The capsids enlarged from ≤ 35 nm to up to 75 nm following treatment. MNV adsorption to host cells was not significantly affected. Alternatively, the capsid remained intact following exposure to lemongrass oil and citral, which appeared to coat the capsid, causing nonspecific and nonproductive binding to host cells that did not lead to successful infection. Such contrasting effects between allspice oil and both lemongrass oil and citral suggest that though different plant compounds may yield similar reductions in virus infectivity, the mechanisms of inactivation may be highly varied and specific to the antimicrobial. This study demonstrates the antiviral properties of allspice oil, lemongrass oil, and citral against MNV and thus indicates their potential as natural food and surface sanitizers to control noroviruses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.