ArticleEukaryotic cell2014
Interaction of Cryptococcus neoformans extracellular vesicles with the cell wall.
Article in Eukaryotic cell, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular vesicles in human fungal pathogens: Biogenesis, functions, and translational applications.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Review
- Fungal extracellular vesicles as biomarkers in candidiasis: biogenesis, virulence, and CNS diagnostic applications.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Evolutionary uniqueeLife · 2025Article
- Things you wanted to know about fungal extracellular vesicles (but were afraid to ask).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Vacuolar sterol β-glucosidase EGCrP2/Sgl1 deficiency in Cryptococcus neoformans: Dysfunctional autophagy and Mincle-dependent immune activation as targets of novel antifungal strategies.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Characterizing extracellular vesicles of human fungal pathogens.Nature microbiology · 2025Review
- The Hidden Fortress: A Comprehensive Review of Fungal Biofilms with Emphasis onJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Deciphering cargo contents in extracellular vesicles ofComputational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Fungal Extracellular Vesicle Proteins with Potential in Biological Interaction.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Extracellular Vesicles fromJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Importance of Non-Covalent Interactions in Yeast Cell Wall Molecular Organization.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Immunomodulatory Potential of Fungal Extracellular Vesicles: Insights for Therapeutic Applications.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Characteristics and potential clinical applications of the extracellular vesicles of human pathogenic Fungi.BMC microbiology · 2023Review
- Extracellular vesicles: cross-organismal RNA trafficking in plants, microbes, and mammalian cells.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2023Article
- Organic Farming Allows Balanced Fungal and Oomycetes Communities.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Membranolytic Activity Profile of Nonyl 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoate: A New Anti-Biofilm Compound for the Treatment of Dermatophytosis.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Extracellular Vesicles of the Plant PathogenJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The characterization of RNA-binding proteins and RNA metabolism-related proteins in fungal extracellular vesicles.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- The Cryptococcus gattii species complex: Unique pathogenic yeasts with understudied virulence mechanisms.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Review
- The development of extracellular vesicle markers for the fungal phytopathogen Colletotrichum higginsianum.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2022Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans produces extracellular vesicles containing a variety of cargo, including virulence factors. To become extracellular, these vesicles not only must be released from the plasma membrane but also must pass through the dense matrix of the cell wall. The greatest unknown in the area of fungal vesicles is the mechanism by which these vesicles are released to the extracellular space given the presence of the fungal cell wall. Here we used electron microscopy techniques to image the interactions of vesicles with the cell wall. Our goal was to define the ultrastructural morphology of the process to gain insights into the mechanisms involved. We describe single and multiple vesicle-leaving events, which we hypothesized were due to plasma membrane and multivesicular body vesicle origins, respectively. We further utilized melanized cells to "trap" vesicles and visualize those passing through the cell wall. Vesicle size differed depending on whether vesicles left the cytoplasm in single versus multiple release events. Furthermore, we analyzed different vesicle populations for vesicle dimensions and protein composition. Proteomic analysis tripled the number of proteins known to be associated with vesicles. Despite separation of vesicles into batches differing in size, we did not identify major differences in protein composition. In summary, our results indicate that vesicles are generated by more than one mechanism, that vesicles exit the cell by traversing the cell wall, and that vesicle populations exist as a continuum with regard to size and protein composition.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.