ArticlePlant physiology2014
Polyamine Oxidase5 Regulates Arabidopsis Growth through Thermospermine Oxidase Activity.
Article in Plant physiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dual functions of thermospermine in plant growth and stress responses.Amino acids · 2026Review
- Putrescine mitigates NaCl-induced stress by modulating gene expression, antioxidants, and ethylene level in tomato.Plant signaling & behavior · 2025Article
- Genome-Wide Analysis of Soybean Polyamine Oxidase Genes Reveals Their Roles in Flower Development and Response to Abiotic Stress.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Polyamines: pleiotropic molecules regulating plant development and enhancing crop yield and quality.Plant biotechnology journal · 2024Review
- Polyamine oxidation enzymes regulate sexual mating/filamentation and pathogenicity in Sporisorium scitamineum.Molecular plant pathology · 2024Article
- Overexpression of OsACL5 triggers environmentally-dependent leaf rolling and reduces grain size in rice.Plant biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Subfunctionalization of Parental Polyamine Oxidase (PAO) Genes in the Allopolyploid TobaccoGenes · 2023Article
- Roles of S-Adenosylmethionine and Its Derivatives in Salt Tolerance of Cotton.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Influence of aPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Plant Peroxisomal Polyamine Oxidase: A Ubiquitous Enzyme Involved in Abiotic Stress Tolerance.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- GUS Reporter-Aided Promoter Deletion Analysis ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Absence of Arabidopsis Polyamine Oxidase 5 Influences the Cytokinin-Induced Shoot Meristem Formation from Lateral Root Primordia.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Polyamine Oxidase-Generated Reactive Oxygen Species in Plant Development and Adaptation: The Polyamine Oxidase-NADPH Oxidase Nexus.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- CsPAO2 Improves Salt Tolerance of Cucumber through the Interaction with CsPSA3 by Affecting Photosynthesis and Polyamine Conversion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Arginine Decarboxylase GeneGenes · 2022Article
- Putrescine: A Key Metabolite Involved in Plant Development, Tolerance and Resistance Responses to Stress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Article
- Downregulation of Polyamine and Diamine Oxidases in Silicon-Treated Cucumber.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Expression profile of seven polyamine oxidase genes in rice (Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology · 2021Article
- Effect of thermospermine on expression profiling of different gene using massive analysis of cDNA ends (MACE) and vascular maintenance in Arabidopsis.Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The major plant polyamines (PAs) are the tetraamines spermine (Spm) and thermospermine (T-Spm), the triamine spermidine, and the diamine putrescine. PA homeostasis is governed by the balance between biosynthesis and catabolism; the latter is catalyzed by polyamine oxidase (PAO). Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) has five PAO genes, AtPAO1 to AtPAO5, and all encoded proteins have been biochemically characterized. All AtPAO enzymes function in the back-conversion of tetraamine to triamine and/or triamine to diamine, albeit with different PA specificities. Here, we demonstrate that AtPAO5 loss-of-function mutants (pao5) contain 2-fold higher T-Spm levels and exhibit delayed transition from vegetative to reproductive growth compared with that of wild-type plants. Although the wild type and pao5 are indistinguishable at the early seedling stage, externally supplied low-dose T-Spm, but not other PAs, inhibits aerial growth of pao5 mutants in a dose-dependent manner. Introduction of wild-type AtPAO5 into pao5 mutants rescues growth and reduces the T-Spm content, demonstrating that AtPAO5 is a T-Spm oxidase. Recombinant AtPAO5 catalyzes the conversion of T-Spm and Spm to triamine spermidine in vitro. AtPAO5 specificity for T-Spm in planta may be explained by coexpression with T-Spm synthase but not with Spm synthase. The pao5 mutant lacking T-Spm oxidation and the acl5 mutant lacking T-Spm synthesis both exhibit growth defects. This study indicates a crucial role for T-Spm in plant growth and development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.