ArticlePloS one2014
Associations of all-cause mortality with census-based neighbourhood deprivation and population density in Japan: a multilevel survival analysis.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers.
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Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cognitive behavioral therapy skills via a smartphone app for subthreshold depression among adults in the community: the RESiLIENT randomized controlled trial.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Neighborhood deprivation and risk of cancer incidence, mortality and survival: results from a population-based cohort study in Japan.PloS one · 2014Trial
- Geospatial disparities in emergency medical utilization and neighborhood-level socioeconomic status in Yamato City, Japan.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- The PREVENT Risk Equations and Cardiovascular Prevention in East Asia.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2026Review
- Triangulating Evidence on Serum Uric Acid and Cancer Risk: Consistent Inverse Associations With Lung Cancer.Cancer science · 2026Article
- Psychiatric standardized claim ratios by rurality and deprivation in Japan: A nationwide ecological study with contextual suicide mortality.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Article
- Association between residential greenness and preeclampsia in Japan.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Regional Disparities in Domiciliary Dental-Care Utilization and Their Association with Pneumonia Mortality in Japan: An Ecological Study Using National Open Data.JMA journal · 2026Article
- Educational inequalities in site-specific cancer mortality: a Japanese census-linked study.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2026Article
- Does a walking intervention work equally in low and high walkable areas? A large-scale incentive program in Japan.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2026Article
- Development of a comprehensive mortality database in Japan through data linkage of population census and vital statistics.Population health metrics · 2026Article
- Residential greenness and atopic dermatitis in Japanese children: Findings from the TMM BirThree cohort study.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2026Article
- Urban Sprawl, Natural Environments, and Mortality Inequality: Socioeconomic Pathways and Spatial Heterogeneity Across U.S. Counties.Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England) · 2026Article
- Association between rurality and mortality from major diseases in Japan: an ecological study.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Association of municipal rurality and area deprivation with cause-specific mortality in Japan: a nationwide ecological study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Biodiversity and childhood asthma: A nationwide retrospective birth cohort study in Japan.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2025Article
- Higher neighborhood deprivation is associated with accelerated disease progression in behavioral-variant frontotemporal degeneration.Alzheimer's & dementia. Behavior & socioeconomics of aging · 2025Article
- Nationwide survey of municipal policies and COVID-19 vaccination uptake among older adults in Japan during 2024-2025.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Spatial spillover effects of area-level socioeconomic factors on life expectancy in Japan: an ecological study.International journal of health geographics · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic disparities in colorectal cancer oncologic emergencies: a nationwide multilevel analysis in Japan.International journal of clinical oncology · 2025Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundDespite evidence that neighbourhood conditions affect residents' health, no prospective studies of the association between neighbourhood socio-demographic factors and all-cause mortality have been conducted in non-Western societies. Thus, we examined the effects of areal deprivation and population density on all-cause mortality in Japan.
methodsWe employed census and survival data from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study, Cohort I (n = 37,455), consisting of middle-aged residents (40 to 59 years at the baseline in 1990) living in four public health centre districts. Data spanned between 1990 and 2010. A multilevel parametric proportional-hazard regression model was applied to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause mortality by two census-based areal variables--areal deprivation index and population density--as well as individualistic variables such as socioeconomic status and various risk factors.
resultsWe found that areal deprivation and population density had moderate associations with all-cause mortality at the neighbourhood level based on the survival data with 21 years of follow-ups. Even when controlling for individualistic socio-economic status and behavioural factors, the HRs of the two areal factors (using quartile categorical variables) significantly predicted mortality. Further, this analysis indicated an interaction effect of the two factors: areal deprivation prominently affects the health of residents in neighbourhoods with high population density.
conclusionsWe confirmed that neighbourhood socio-demographic factors are significant predictors of all-cause death in Japanese non-metropolitan settings. Although further study is needed to clarify the cause-effect relationship of this association, the present findings suggest that health promotion policies should consider health disparities between neighbourhoods and possibly direct interventions towards reducing mortality in densely populated and highly deprived neighbourhoods.
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