ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2014
Epidemiological associations between iron and cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of genetically predicted serum iron levels on neurodegenerative and cardiovascular traits.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Research progress of ferroptosis in obesity and its complications.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2026Review
- Development of a nomogram for predicting incident heart failure and all-cause mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease: a 3-year follow-up study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Exercise decreases the number and modifies the transcriptome of M1 macrophages and CD8American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2025Article
- Therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine and mechanisms for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Chinese medicine · 2025Review
- L-Arginine and Nitric Oxide in Vascular Regulation-Experimental Findings in the Context of Blood Donation.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Selected Trace Elements and Their Impact on Redox Homeostasis in Eye Health.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Ferroptosis and its Potential Determinant Role in Myocardial Susceptibility to Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Diabetes.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Potential Mediating Role of Iron Biomarkers in the Association of Sex With Glucose, Insulin, and Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of Iron biomarkers and cardiovascular risk factors in pre- and postmenopausal women: leveraging repeated measurements to address natural variability.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Article
- Iron homeostasis in older adults: balancing nutritional requirements and health risks.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Review
- Type 2 diabetic mellitus related osteoporosis: focusing on ferroptosis.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Review
- The role of regulated necrosis in diabetes and its complications.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Review
- Immunomodulation through Nutrition Should Be a Key Trend in Type 2 Diabetes Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Ferroptosis: potential targets and emerging roles in pancreatic diseases.Archives of toxicology · 2024Review
- Changes in Iron Status Biomarkers with Advancing Age According to Sex and Menopause: A Population-Based Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Lifestyle and dietary factors, iron status and one-carbon metabolism polymorphisms in a sample of Italian women and men attending a Transfusion Medicine Unit: a cross-sectional study.The British journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Article
- Increased Levels of Circulating Iron-Albumin Complexes in Peripheral Arterial Disease Patients.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Disruptions in iron homeostasis are linked to a broad spectrum of chronic conditions including cardiovascular, malignant, metabolic, and neurodegenerative disease. Evidence supporting this contention derives from a variety of analytical approaches, ranging from molecular to population-based studies. This review focuses on key epidemiological studies that assess the relationship between body iron status and chronic diseases, with particular emphasis on atherosclerosis ,metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Multiple surrogates have been used to measure body iron status, including serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, serum iron, and dietary iron intake. The lack of a uniform and standardized means of assessing body iron status has limited the precision of epidemiological associations. Intervention studies using depletion of iron to alter risk have been conducted. Genetic and molecular techniques have helped to explicate the biochemistry of iron metabolism at the molecular level. Plausible explanations for how iron contributes to the pathogenesis of these chronic diseases are beginning to be elucidated. Most evidence supports the hypothesis that excess iron contributes to chronic disease by fostering excess production of free radicals. Overall, epidemiological studies, reinforced by basic science experiments, provide a strong line of evidence supporting the association between iron and elevated risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. In this narrative review we attempt to condense the information from existing literature on this topic.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.