ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2014
Thyroid-associated orbitopathy is linked to gastrointestinal autoimmunity.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and euthyroidism in thyroid eye disease: a systematic review of the literature.Systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Clinical and serological characteristics of type 3 APS, isolated T1DM and LADY/LADA.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Implications of Celiac Disease in Prospective Corneal Refractive Surgery Patients: A Narrative Review.Cureus · 2024Review
- Implementation of thyroid eye disease registry in Iran: rationale and research protocol.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2024Article
- Significance of Gut Microbiota on Graves' Disease.International journal of general medicine · 2024Review
- Association ofInternational journal of endocrinology · 2022Article
- Clinical value of functional thyrotropin receptor antibodies in Serbian patients with Graves' orbitopathy.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2022Article
- Thyrotropin receptor antibodies and Graves' orbitopathy.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2021Review
- Unilateral Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy as the Only Sign of Occult Celiac Disease: Effective Treatment with a Gluten-Free Diet.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2021Article
- Type 1 diabetes and associated autoimmune diseases.World journal of diabetes · 2020Article
- [Healthcare relevant data from an interdisciplinary consultation for endocrine orbitopathy].Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft · 2020Article
- Ocular manifestations in celiac disease: an overview.International ophthalmology · 2020Review
- Stimulatory Thyrotropin Receptor Antibodies Are a Biomarker for Graves' Orbitopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
- Alterations in the intestinal microbiota of patients with severe and active Graves' orbitopathy: a cross-sectional study.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2019Article
- Celiac Disease and Glandular Autoimmunity.Nutrients · 2018Review
- A Case of Immune Thrombocytopenia as a Rare Side Effect of an Immunotherapy with PD1-Blocking Agents for Metastatic Melanoma.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2017Article
- Performance and Specificity of 6 Immunoassays for TSH Receptor Antibodies: A Multicenter Study.European thyroid journal · 2017Article
- The thyroid, the eyes and the gut: a possible connection.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2017Review
- Highly variable sensitivity of five binding and two bio-assays for TSH-receptor antibodies.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2016Article
- Autoimmune vitiligo in rheumatic disease in the mestizo Mexican population.Biomedical reports · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Common autoimmune disorders tend to co-exist in the same subjects and cluster in families. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of autoimmune co-morbidity in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) with and without thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO). This was a cross-sectional study conducted at an academic tertiary referral centre. Of 1310 patients with AITD [n = 777 or 59% with Graves' disease (GD) and n = 533, 41% with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT)] followed at a specialized joint thyroid-eye out-patient clinic, 176 (13·4%) had an adult type of the autoimmune polyglandular syndrome, 129 (9·8%) type 1 diabetes, 111 (8·5%) coeliac disease, 60 (4·6%) type A autoimmune gastritis, 57 (4·4%) vitiligo and 25 (1·9%) Addison's disease. Coeliac disease and autoimmune gastritis were associated positively with GD [odds ratio (OR) = 2·18; P = 0·002 and OR = 6·52; P < 0·001], whereas type 1 diabetes, Addison's disease, autoimmune primary hypogonadism, alopecia areata, rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome were 'protective' for GD and thus linked to HT, OR = 0·49 (P < 0·001), 0·06 (P < 0·001), 0·25 (P < 0·001), 0·50 (P = 0·090) and 0·32 (P = 0·003), respectively. Of 610 (46·6%) AITD patients with TAO, 584 (95·7%) and 26 (4·3%) had GD and HT, respectively (P < 0·001). TAO was most prevalent in GD patients with coeliac disease (94%, OR = 1·87, P < 0·001). Multivariate analysis showed high OR for coeliac disease and autoimmune gastritis (3·4 and 4·03, both P < 0·001) pertaining to the association with TAO while type 1 diabetes, Addison's disease and alopecia areata were protective for TAO. In patients with TAO, coeliac disease is the most prevalent co-morbid autoimmune condition and rates are increased compared to GD patients without TAO.
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