ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2014
Case-control study of risk factors for infectious mastitis in Spanish breastfeeding women.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Incidence of and Risk Factors for Lactational Mastitis: A Systematic Review.Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association · 2020Pooled it
- Traumatic breast pseudohernia presenting as a fungating mass during lactation: Multimodality imaging findings.Radiology case reports · 2026Article
- Does Functionality Appreciation Mediate the Relationship Between Breastfeeding Attitudes and Breastfeeding Intentions?Nutrients · 2026Article
- Predictive Risk Factors for Childbirth-Associated Breast Infections in the United States: A 10-Year Perspective.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Is AMR in Dairy Products a Threat to Human Health? An Updated Review on the Origin, Prevention, Treatment, and Economic Impacts of Subclinical Mastitis.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Review
- Breast MRI during pregnancy and lactation: clinical challenges and technical advances.Insights into imaging · 2022Review
- Breast Pumps and Mastitis in Breastfeeding Women: Clarifying the Relationship.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
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- Article
- A retrospective analysis of debridement in the treatment of chronic injury of lactating nipples.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Relationship between Acute Mastitis and Constitution of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Chinese Breastfeeding Mothers.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2021Article
- Comprehensive evaluation of the risk of lactational mastitis in Chinese women: combined logistic regression analysis with receiver operating characteristic curve.Bioscience reports · 2020Article
- The microbiology and treatment of human mastitis.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2018Review
- The prevalence of adverse postnatal outcomes for mother and infant in the Netherlands.PloS one · 2018Article
- Article
- Identification of Emerging Human Mastitis Pathogens by MALDI-TOF and Assessment of Their Antibiotic Resistance Patterns.Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- Risk Factors Predicting Infectious Lactational Mastitis: Decision Tree Approach versus Logistic Regression Analysis.Maternal and child health journal · 2016Article
- Determinants of mastitis in women in the CASTLE study: a cohort study.BMC family practice · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe purpose of this study was to identify potential predisposing factors associated with human infectious mastitis.
methodsWe conducted a case-control study among breastfeeding women, with 368 cases (women with mastitis) and 148 controls. Data were collected by a questionnaire designed to obtain retrospective information about several factors related to medical history of mother and infant, different aspects of pregnancy, delivery and postpartum, and breastfeeding practices that could be involved in mastitis. Bivariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression model were used to examine the relationship between mastitis and these factors.
resultsThe variables significantly- and independently-associated with mastitis were cracked nipples (P < 0.0001), oral antibiotics during breastfeeding (P < 0.0001), breast pumps (P < 0.0001), topical antifungal medication during breastfeeding (P = 0.0009), mastitis in previous lactations (P = 0.0014), breast milk coming in later than 24 h postpartum (P = 0.0016), history of mastitis in the family (P = 0.0028), mother-infant separation longer than 24 h (P = 0.0027), cream on nipples (P = 0.0228) and throat infection (P = 0.0224).
conclusionsValuable factors related to an increased risk of infectious mastitis have been identified. This knowledge will allow practitioners to provide appropriate management advice about modifiable risk factors, such as the use of pumps or inappropriate medication. They also could identify before delivery those women at an increased risk of developing mastitis, such as those having a familial history of mastitis, and thus develop strategies to prevent this condition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.