ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2014
The substantia nigra conveys target-dependent excitatory and inhibitory outputs from the basal ganglia to the thalamus.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- The cerebellum exploits a thalamic carrier frequency to refine motor behaviors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Glutamatergic projections from the substantia nigra pars reticulata to the dorsal raphe nucleus regulate male social hierarchies.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Substantia nigra pars reticulata involvement in auditory hallucinations of treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a deep brain stimulation case report.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Brainstem Neuroadaptations in Rodent Models of Parkinson's Disease.The European journal of neuroscience · 2025Article
- Distinct firing responses to synthetic synaptic currents in the adult murine reticular and relay thalamus.Journal of neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Unravelling the nexus of stroke and dementia: Deciphering the role of secondary neurodegeneration in orchestrating cognitive decline.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2025Review
- Dopamine Dysregulation in Reward and Autism Spectrum Disorder.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Exploring the Intricacies of Neurogenic Niches: Unraveling the Anatomy and Neural Microenvironments.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Distinct cholinergic circuits underlie discrete effects of reward on attention.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Age-associated changes in lineage composition of the enteric nervous system regulate gut health and disease.eLife · 2023Article
- Article
- Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Projections to the Pedunculopontine Nucleus Modulate Dyskinesia.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2023Article
- Mapping Motor Pathways in Parkinson's Disease Patients with Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulator: A Diffusion MRI Tractography Study.Neurology and therapy · 2022Article
- Optogenetic activation of the inhibitory nigro-collicular circuit evokes contralateral orienting movements in mice.Cell reports · 2022Article
- Neurons gating behavior-developmental, molecular and functional features of neurons in the Substantia Nigra pars reticulata.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Virally encoded connectivity transgenic overlay RNA sequencing (VECTORseq) defines projection neurons involved in sensorimotor integration.Cell reports · 2021Article
- The relationship between attention and static balance disturbance in patients with Parkinson's disease.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021Article
- Atlas-based GABA mapping with 3D MEGA-MRSI: Cross-correlation to single-voxel MRS.NMR in biomedicine · 2021Article
- Article
- Clinical and experimental insight into pathophysiology, comorbidity and therapy of absence seizures.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
The basal ganglia (BG), which influence cortical activity via the thalamus, play a major role in motor activity, learning and memory, sensory processing, and many aspects of behavior. The substantia nigra (SN) consists of GABAergic neurons of the pars reticulata that inhibit thalamic neurons and provide the primary output of the BG, and dopaminergic neurons of the pars compacta that modulate thalamic excitability. Little is known about the functional properties of the SN→thalamus synapses, and anatomical characterization has been controversial. Here we use a combination of anatomical, electrophysiological, genetic, and optogenetic approaches to re-examine these synaptic connections in mice. We find that neurons in the SN inhibit neurons in the ventroposterolateral nucleus of the thalamus via GABAergic synapses, excite neurons in the thalamic nucleus reticularis, and both excite and inhibit neurons within the posterior nucleus group. Glutamatergic SN neurons express the vesicular glutamate receptor transporter vGluT2 and receive inhibitory synapses from striatal neurons, and many also express tyrosine hydroxylase, a marker of dopaminergic neurons. Thus, in addition to providing inhibitory outputs, which is consistent with the canonical circuit, the SN provides glutamatergic outputs that differentially target thalamic nuclei. This suggests that an increase in the activity of glutamatergic neurons in the SN allows the BG to directly excite neurons in specific thalamic nuclei. Elucidating an excitatory connection between the BG and the thalamus provides new insights into how the BG regulate thalamic activity, and has important implications for understanding BG function in health and disease.
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