ArticlePLoS biology2014
Extracellular vesicle-mediated transfer of genetic information between the hematopoietic system and the brain in response to inflammation.
Article in PLoS biology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 269 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
269 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 411 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Paracrine Regulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Crosstalk With Macrophages in Musculoskeletal Diseases: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Pooled it
- Differential Expression of Serum Extracellular Vesicle miRNAs in Multiple Sclerosis: Disease-Stage Specificity and Relevance to Pathophysiology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Trial
- Engineered exosomes for breast cancer immunotherapy: Emerging strategies and translational potential.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- The glymphatic-lymphatic axis: known pathways, open questions, and emerging roles in neurodegeneration.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- MSC EVs Deliver miRNAs into Cardiomyocytes via EIPA-Sensitive and Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Disease: Intercellular Signaling, Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Translation.Circulation research · 2026Review
- Article
- Exosomes-mediated intercellular communication and their theragnostic potential against cancer and related disorders: a comprehensive review.Biotechnology letters · 2026Review
- Biology and therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicle targeting and uptake.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026Review
- Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and physical activity associate with extracellular vesicle size and cargo in a community-based cohort of women.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Systemic Inflammation Modulates Clearance and Drives Extra-Hepatic Distribution of Extracellular Vesicles.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Heart-Brain Axis in Viral Myocarditis: Shared Cytokine Pathways, Blood-Brain Barrier Crosstalk, and Neuroinflammatory Consequences.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Endothelium as a Central Mediator of Exercise-Induced Metabolism and Communication.Exercise and sport sciences reviews · 2026Review
- Review
- AstroGreen transgenic mouse illuminates the trafficking of astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles.Molecular and cellular neurosciences · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles for targeted drug delivery: advances in surface modification strategies and therapeutic applications.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stromal cells: an emerging therapy for intractable neonatal disorders.Stem cells translational medicine · 2025Review
- SLAMseq reveals potential transfer of RNA from liver to kidney in the mouse.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Taking a closer look at matrix vesicle biogenesis.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2025Review
- The RNA content of extracellular vesicles from gene-editedMolecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Article
209 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
18 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mechanisms behind how the immune system signals to the brain in response to systemic inflammation are not fully understood. Transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase specifically in the hematopoietic lineage in a Cre reporter background display recombination and marker gene expression in Purkinje neurons. Here we show that reportergene expression in neurons is caused by intercellular transfer of functional Cre recombinase messenger RNA from immune cells into neurons in the absence of cell fusion. In vitro purified secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) from blood cells contain Cre mRNA, which induces recombination in neurons when injected into the brain. Although Cre-mediated recombination events in the brain occur very rarely in healthy animals, their number increases considerably in different injury models, particularly under inflammatory conditions, and extend beyond Purkinje neurons to other neuronal populations in cortex, hippocampus, and substantia nigra. Recombined Purkinje neurons differ in their miRNA profile from their nonrecombined counterparts, indicating physiological significance. These observations reveal the existence of a previously unrecognized mechanism to communicate RNA-based signals between the hematopoietic system and various organs, including the brain, in response to inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.