Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24891437›Full record

Trial reportNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association2014

FIND-CKD: a randomized trial of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus oral iron in patients with chronic kidney disease and iron deficiency anaemia.

Iain C Macdougall, Andreas H Bock, Fernando Carrera, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Carlo Gaillard, David Van Wyck, Bernard Roubert, Jacqueline G Nolen, Simon D Roger, FIND-CKD Study Investigators

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · bronzeAbstract readMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 147 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
147citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
18.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00994318 phase3completednot on this map

An Open-label, Multicentre, Randomised, 3-arm Study to Investigate the Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Ferric Carboxymaltose (Ferinject High and Low Dosage Regimens) Versus Oral Iron for the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Subjects With Non-dialysis-dependent Chronic Kidney Disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorVifor PharmaRan2009 to 2014Enrolled626ConditionsIron Deficiency Anaemia, Chronic Kidney DiseaseArmsFCM (Ferric carboxymaltose) high ferritin target, FCM (Ferric carboxymaltose) low ferritin target, Oral Iron (Ferrous sulphate)
NCT06556134 phase4completednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Oral Liposomal Iron Versus Injectable Iron Sucrose for Anemia Treatment in Non-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Non-Inferiority Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorCentre Hospitalier Hassan II - FèsRan2021 to 2024Enrolled27ConditionsAnemia of Chronic Kidney DiseaseArmsIntravenous Iron Sucrose, Oral Iron
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

147 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 323 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Guideline
  2. A meta-analysis of ferric carboxymaltose versus other intravenous iron preparations for the management of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2024
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  14. Safety of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus oral iron in patients with nondialysis-dependent CKD: an analysis of the 1-year FIND-CKD trial.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2017
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  20. A randomized trial of iron isomaltoside 1000 versus oral iron in non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease patients with anaemia.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2016
    Trial

87 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.

Iain C MacdougallDepartment of Renal Medicine, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK.
Andreas H BockDepartment of Nephrology, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland.
Fernando CarreraEurodial, DaVita, Leiria, Portugal.
Kai-Uwe EckardtDepartment of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Carlo GaillardDepartment of Nephrology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
David Van WyckDaVita Healthcare Partners Inc., Denver, CO, USA.
Bernard RoubertVifor Pharma, Glattbrugg, Switzerland.
Jacqueline G NolenVifor Pharma, Glattbrugg, Switzerland.
Simon D RogerRenal Research, Gosford, NSW, Australia.
FIND-CKD Study Investigators
Vifor Pharma (Switzerland) · CHFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg · DEGosford Hospital · AUKantonsspital Aarau · CHKing's College Hospital · GBUniversity of Groningen · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe optimal iron therapy regimen in patients with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unknown.

methodsFerinject® assessment in patients with Iron deficiency anaemia and Non-Dialysis-dependent Chronic Kidney Disease (FIND-CKD) was a 56-week, open-label, multicentre, prospective and randomized study of 626 patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD, anaemia and iron deficiency not receiving erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs). Patients were randomized (1:1:2) to intravenous (IV) ferric carboxymaltose (FCM), targeting a higher (400-600 µg/L) or lower (100-200 µg/L) ferritin or oral iron therapy. The primary end point was time to initiation of other anaemia management (ESA, other iron therapy or blood transfusion) or haemoglobin (Hb) trigger of two consecutive values <10 g/dL during Weeks 8-52.

resultsThe primary end point occurred in 36 patients (23.5%), 49 patients (32.2%) and 98 patients (31.8%) in the high-ferritin FCM, low-ferritin FCM and oral iron groups, respectively [hazard ratio (HR): 0.65; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.44-0.95; P = 0.026 for high-ferritin FCM versus oral iron]. The increase in Hb was greater with high-ferritin FCM versus oral iron (P = 0.014) and a greater proportion of patients achieved an Hb increase ≥1 g/dL with high-ferritin FCM versus oral iron (HR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.52-2.72; P < 0.001). Rates of adverse events and serious adverse events were similar in all groups.

conclusionsCompared with oral iron, IV FCM targeting a ferritin of 400-600 µg/L quickly reached and maintained Hb level, and delayed and/or reduced the need for other anaemia management including ESAs. Within the limitations of this trial, no renal toxicity was observed, with no difference in cardiovascular or infectious events. CLINICALTRIALSGOV NUMBER: NCT00994318.

Indexed as

Administration, OralAgedAnemia, Iron-DeficiencyDose-Response Relationship, DrugFemaleFerric CompoundsFerritinsFollow-Up StudiesHemoglobinsHumansInjections, IntravenousIronMaleMaltoseProspective StudiesRenal Dialysisferric carboxymaltoseFerric CompoundsFerritinsHemoglobinsIronMaltoseanaemiachronic kidney disease

Identifiers

PMID24891437
PMCPMC4209879
OpenAlexW2116948290

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.