ArticleStatistics in medicine2014
Identification and estimation of survivor average causal effects.
Article in Statistics in medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07354425 (Pneumococcal Community-Acquired Pneumonia Requiring Hospitalization Among Colombian Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 58 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Pneumococcal Community-Acquired Pneumonia Requiring Hospitalization Among Colombian Adults (Pneumo-CAP Colombia)
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The impact of scaling and root planning combined with mouthwash during pregnancy on preterm birth and low birth weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Pooled it
- Association of Chlorhexidine Use and Scaling and Root Planing With Birth Outcomes in Pregnant Individuals With Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of biomarker-guided duration of antibiotic treatment in children hospitalised with confirmed or suspected bacterial infection: the BATCH RCT.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Missing not at random in end of life care studies: multiple imputation and sensitivity analysis on data from the ACTION study.BMC medical research methodology · 2021Trial
- Advance care planning in patients with advanced cancer: A 6-country, cluster-randomised clinical trial.PLoS medicine · 2020Trial
- The role of coronary artery calcification in metal-related cardiovascular disease.Environment international · 2026Article
- Long-term memory effects of an incremental blood pressure intervention in a mortal cohort.Biometrics · 2026Article
- Causal Approaches to Disease Progression Analyses.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Estimating cognitive decline in longitudinal studies with high mortality and a long interwave period: A comparison of approaches and considerations around integrating end-of-life interview data.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Microbiome-based prediction of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation outcome.Genome medicine · 2025Article
- Exploring Causal Effects of Hormone- and Radio-Treatments in an Observational Study of Breast Cancer Using Copula-Based Semi-Competing Risks Models.Statistics in medicine · 2025Article
- Estimating weighted quantile treatment effects with missing outcome data by double sampling.Biometrics · 2025Article
- Survivor Average Causal Effects for Continuous Time: A Principal Stratification Approach to Causal Inference With Semicompeting Risks.Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift · 2025Article
- Mathur and Shpitser respond to "The evolution of selection bias in the recent epidemiologic literature-a selective overview".American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- A Pseudo-Value Approach to Causal Deep Learning of Semi-Competing Risks.Arabian journal of mathematics · 2025Article
- Simple graphical rules for assessing selection bias in general-population and selected-sample treatment effects.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Common methodological issues in observational epidemiological studies of older adults.BMJ medicine · 2025Article
- Selection Bias in Health Research: Quantifying, Eliminating, or Exacerbating Health Disparities?Current epidemiology reports · 2024Article
- The survival-incorporated median vs the median in the survivors or in the always-survivors: What are we measuring? and Why?Statistics in medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
In longitudinal studies, outcomes ascertained at follow-up are typically undefined for individuals who die prior to the follow-up visit. In such settings, outcomes are said to be truncated by death and inference about the effects of a point treatment or exposure, restricted to individuals alive at the follow-up visit, could be biased even if as in experimental studies, treatment assignment were randomized. To account for truncation by death, the survivor average causal effect (SACE) defines the effect of treatment on the outcome for the subset of individuals who would have survived regardless of exposure status. In this paper, the author nonparametrically identifies SACE by leveraging post-exposure longitudinal correlates of survival and outcome that may also mediate the exposure effects on survival and outcome. Nonparametric identification is achieved by supposing that the longitudinal data arise from a certain nonparametric structural equations model and by making the monotonicity assumption that the effect of exposure on survival agrees in its direction across individuals. A novel weighted analysis involving a consistent estimate of the survival process is shown to produce consistent estimates of SACE. A data illustration is given, and the methods are extended to the context of time-varying exposures. We discuss a sensitivity analysis framework that relaxes assumptions about independent errors in the nonparametric structural equations model and may be used to assess the extent to which inference may be altered by a violation of key identifying assumptions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.