ArticleBMC public health2014
Effect of living area and sports club participation on physical fitness in children: a 4 year longitudinal study.
Article in BMC public health, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association of School Social Status with COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Changes and Post-Pandemic Rebounds of Children's Physical Fitness.Sports medicine - open · 2025Article
- Effects of participation and learning in sports clubs on self-perceived health status, self-perceived physical strength status, and health behaviors.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Correlations between Physical Fitness and Body Composition among Boys Aged 14-18-Conclusions of a Case Study to Reverse the Worsening Secular Trend in Fitness among Urban Youth Due to Sedentary Lifestyles.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Sports activity and changes in physical fitness of Polish children and adolescents: OSF study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Associations between Physical Activity Patterns, Screen Time and Cardiovascular Fitness Levels in Swedish Adolescents.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Physical Fitness and Motor Competence in Chinese and German Elementary School Children in Relation to Different Physical Activity Settings.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- Gaelic4Girls-The Effectiveness of a 10-Week Multicomponent Community Sports-Based Physical Activity Intervention for 8 to 12-Year-Old Girls.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Eating Behaviour and Physical Fitness in 10-Year-Old Children Attending General Education and Sports Classes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- The association of physical growth and behavior change with Preschooler's physical fitness: From 10- years of monitoring data.Journal of exercise science and fitness · 2019Article
- Korean rheumatology workforce from 1992 to 2015: current status and future demand.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2019Article
- Long-term effect of migration background on the development of physical fitness among primary school children.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2019Article
- Girls' transition from participation in a modified sport program to club sport competition - a study of longitudinal patterns and correlates.BMC public health · 2018Article
- Anterior knee pain and its intrinsic risk factors among runners in under-resourced communities in Ekurhuleni, Gauteng.The South African journal of physiotherapy · 2018Article
- Effects of Sport-Specific Training during the Early Stages of Long-Term Athlete Development on Physical Fitness, Body Composition, Cognitive, and Academic Performances.Frontiers in physiology · 2017Article
- Factors associated with motor performance among overweight and nonoverweight Tyrolean primary school children.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2016Article
- Temporal Trends in Overweight and Obesity, Physical Activity and Screen Time among Czech Adolescents from 2002 to 2014: A National Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2015Article
- Physical Fitness Percentiles of German Children Aged 9-12 Years: Findings from a Longitudinal Study.PloS one · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCross-sectional studies detected associations between physical fitness, living area, and sports participation in children. Yet, their scientific value is limited because the identification of cause-and-effect relationships is not possible. In a longitudinal approach, we examined the effects of living area and sports club participation on physical fitness development in primary school children from classes 3 to 6.
methodsOne-hundred and seventy-two children (age: 9-12 years; sex: 69 girls, 103 boys) were tested for their physical fitness (i.e., endurance [9-min run], speed [50-m sprint], lower- [triple hop] and upper-extremity muscle strength [1-kg ball push], flexibility [stand-and-reach], and coordination [star coordination run]). Living area (i.e., urban or rural) and sports club participation were assessed using parent questionnaire.
resultsOver the 4 year study period, urban compared to rural children showed significantly better performance development for upper- (p = 0.009, ES = 0.16) and lower-extremity strength (p < 0.001, ES = 0.22). Further, significantly better performance development were found for endurance (p = 0.08, ES = 0.19) and lower-extremity strength (p = 0.024, ES = 0.23) for children continuously participating in sports clubs compared to their non-participating peers.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that sport club programs with appealing arrangements appear to represent a good means to promote physical fitness in children living in rural areas.
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