Observational studyBMC pregnancy and childbirth2014
Electromyographic analysis of masseter muscle in newborns during suction in breast, bottle or cup feeding.
Observational study in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- A ducted, biomimetic nipple replicates breastfeeding mechanics through ontogeny in an infant animal model.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Fluid flow and feeding performance in infant mammals: evaluating the impact of nipple design.The Journal of experimental biology · 2025Article
- A Ducted, Biomimetic Nipple Improves Aspects of Infant Feeding Physiology and Performance in an Animal Model.Dysphagia · 2025Article
- Oral suction capacity in breastfeeding vs. bottle feeding. A systematic review.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Feeding challenges in early infancy: the role of reflexes, muscle tone, and developmental milestones.PeerJ · 2025Observational
- Beyond the face: multidimensional care challenges and unmet needs in Hemifacial Microsomia families.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Speech-language therapists' views of oral feeding of infants on high-flow oxygen.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2025Article
- [Latest Findings on the Suck-Swallow-Breathe Mechanism of Direct Breastfeeding From the Breast to an Infant].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2023Article
- The role of human milk feeds on inotrope use in newborn infants with sepsis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Observational
- Evaluation of masticatory behavior and taste sensitivity after pacifier removal in preschool children: a 1-year follow-up.Clinical oral investigations · 2022Article
- The contractile patterns, anatomy and physiology of the hyoid musculature change longitudinally through infancy.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2021Article
- Quantitative imaging of tongue kinematics during infant feeding and adult swallowing reveals highly conserved patterns.Physiological reports · 2021Article
- Predicting risk of early discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding at a Brazilian referral hospital for high-risk neonates and infants: a decision-tree analysis.International breastfeeding journal · 2021Article
- UK mothers' experiences of bottle refusal by their breastfed baby.Maternal & child nutrition · 2020Article
- Surface Electromyographic Analysis of the Suprahyoid Muscles in Infants Based on Lingual Frenulum Attachment during Breastfeeding.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Observational
- A Novel System to Measure Infants' Nutritive Sucking During Breastfeeding: the Breastfeeding Diagnostic Device (BDD).IEEE journal of translational engineering in health and medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWhen breastfeeding is difficult or impossible during the neonatal period, an analysis of muscle activity can help determine the best method for substituting it to promote the child's development. The aim of this study was to analyze the electrical activity of the masseter muscle using surface electromyography during suction in term newborns by comparing breastfeeding, bottle and cup feeding.
methodsAn observational, cross-sectional analytical study was carried out on healthy, clinically stable term infants, assigned to receive either breast, or bottle or cup feeding. Setting was a Baby Friendly accredited hospital. Muscle activity was analyzed when each infant showed interest in sucking using surface electromyography. Root mean square averages (RMS) recorded in microvolts were transformed into percentages (normalization) of the reference value. The three groups were compared by ANOVA; the "stepwise" method of the multiple linear regression analysis tested the model which best defined the activity of the masseter muscle in the sample at a significance level of 5%.
resultsParticipants were 81 full term newborns (27 per group), from 2 to 28 days of life. RMS values were lower for bottle (mean 44.2%, SD 14.1) than breast feeding (mean 58.3%, SD 12.7) (P = 0.003, ANOVA); cup feeding (52.5%, SD 18.2%) was not significantly different (P > 0.05). For every gram of weight increase, RMS increased by 0.010 units.
conclusionsMasseter activity was significantly higher in breastfed newborns than in bottle-fed newborns, who presented the lowest RMS values. Levels of masseter activity during cup-feeding were between those of breast and bottle feeding, and did not significantly differ from either group. This study in healthy full term neonates endorses cup rather than bottle feeding as a temporary substitute for breastfeeding.
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