ArticleParasites & vectors2014
Waterborne parasites: a current status from the Philippines.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence of free-living amoebae in swimming pools and recreational waters, a systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasitology research · 2022Pooled it
- Waterborne parasites in Uganda: A survey in Queen Elizabeth Protected Area.Public health challenges · 2023Article
- Epidemiology of free-living amoebae in the Philippines: a review and update.Pathogens and global health · 2022Review
- Occurrence of Giardia duodenalis in selected stations and tributary rivers of Laguna Lake, Philippines.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2021Article
- Acanthamoeba in Southeast Asia - Overview and Challenges.The Korean journal of parasitology · 2019Review
- Exotic Tourist Destinations and Transmission of Infections by Swimming Pools and Hot Springs-A Literature Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Review
- Community-based surveillance of Cryptosporidium in the indigenous community of Boliwong, Philippines: from April to December 2017.Epidemiology and health · 2018Article
- Free-living amoebae in the water resources of Iran: a systematic review.Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2017Review
- Pathogenic waterborne free-living amoebae: An update from selected Southeast Asian countries.PloS one · 2017Article
- Prevalence of pathogenic free-living amoeba and other protozoa in natural and communal piped tap water from Queen Elizabeth protected area, Uganda.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2016Article
- Neglected tropical diseases among the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN): overview and update.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2015Review
- Isolation of acanthamoeba genotype t4 from a non-contact lens wearer from the Philippines.Tropical medicine and health · 2014Article
- Transmission of waterborne parasites in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN): Overview and direction forward.Food and waterborne parasitologyReview
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite the amount of awareness created, waterborne disease still poses threat, especially in developing countries. Due to the scarcity of reported data on waterborne parasites, the consumption of unsafe water prolongs. Thus, the occurrences of waterborne parasites from various samples were investigated from one of the Southeast Asian country, the Philippines.
methodsA total of thirty three samples, each consisting of twelve liters, were collected and processed to obtain the sediment. Ten liters of sample each was processed to detect Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. using an immunomagnetic separation method prior to enumeration via fluorescence microscope. Meanwhile, the remaining two liters were cultured to detect Acanthamoeba and Naegleria through microscopy examination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis.
resultsTwelve samples (36.4%) from river (5), swimming pool (1), pond (3), rain tank (1), and natural lake (2) were positive for Cryptosporidium spp., 17 (45.5%) samples from river (9), pond (2), swimming pool (1), rain tank (1), and natural lake (4) were positive for Giardia spp. while, 13 (33.3%) samples from river (3), swimming pool (2), pond (2), dispenser (1), well (1), tap (2) and natural lake (2) were positive for Acanthamoeba spp. and 5 (18.2%) samples from river (1), natural lake (1), tap (1), dispenser (1) and mineral (1) were Naegleria spp. positive. Physical parameters such as temperature, conductivity, total dissolved solid (TDS), salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, and turbidity and chemical parameters such as ammonia, chlorine, fluoride, nitrate and nitrite were also measured. The highest chemical contamination was observed at pond 2. A good correlation was observed between Giardia and nitrite (r = 0.736, p < 0.01) and Giardia and nitrate (r = 0.502, p < 0.01).
conclusionThis study was aimed to create greater awareness of parasitic contamination in the water environment in the Philippines and also to act as a platform of the current scenario for policymakers as water pollution is a key health issue in this region.
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