ArticleBMC neurology2014
Potential biomarkers relating pathological proteins, neuroinflammatory factors and free radicals in PD patients with cognitive impairment: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC neurology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of NLRP3 Pathway, Immune Dysregulation, and Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-Analysis.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026Pooled it
- Changes of cerebrospinal fluid AβNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2017Pooled it
- The Emerging Parkinson's Disease Oxylipin-Ome.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Characteristics and mechanisms of cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Tracing neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration: insights from a scoping review on biofluid biomarkers.Brain communications · 2026Review
- N-Acetylcysteine Attenuates Aβ-Mediated Oxidative Stress, Blood-Brain Barrier Leakage, and Renal Dysfunction in 5xFAD Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Parkinson's disease with anxiety: clinical characteristics and their correlation with oxidative stress, inflammation, and pathological proteins.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- The Contribution of Type 2 Diabetes to Parkinson's Disease Aetiology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- CSF neurochemical profile and cognitive changes in Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2023Article
- Lipidomics of Bioactive Lipids in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases: Where Are We?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Fat and Protein Combat Triggers Immunological Weapons of Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems to Launch Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Potential roles of oxidative distress on neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease with neuropsychiatric symptoms.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
- Age-Related Adaptive Immune Changes in Parkinson's Disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2022Review
- Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2022Review
- Alpha-Synuclein and Cognitive Decline in Parkinson Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Ferroptosis as a Major Factor and Therapeutic Target for Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Current advances in metabolomic studies on non-motor psychiatric manifestations of Parkinson's disease (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Review
- Down-Regulation of ID2-AS1 Alleviates the Neuronal Injury Induced by 1-Methy1-4-Phenylpyridinium in Human Neuroblastoma Cell Line SH-SY5Y Cells Through Regulating miR-199a-5p/IFNAR1/JAK2/STAT1 Axis.Neurochemical research · 2021Article
- Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease: Epidemiology, Clinical Profile, Protective and Risk Factors.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCognitive impairment strikingly reduces the quality of life of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Studies find that pathological proteins, neuroinflammatory factors and free radicals may involve in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment of PD, however, results are inconclusive.
methodsWe recruited 62 PD patients and 31 healthy controls. PD patients were identified with cognitive impairment, including PD with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and PD with dementia (PDD) according to the diagnostic criteria for PD-MCI and PDD issued by Movement Disorder Society Task Force. The levels of pathological proteins, including β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ1-42),Total-tau (T-tau) and phosphorelated tau (P-tau), neuroinflammatory factors,including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-γ (INF-γ) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), free radicals, including hydroxyl radical (·OH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) were detected. The levels of above factors in CSF were compared among healthy controls and patients with and without cognitive impairment. Correlation analyses were performed between Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score and the levels of above factors in CSF.
resultsT-tau level in CSF from PD-CI patients are significantly elevated comparing with those without cognitive impairment and controls (P = 0.016 and 0.004, respectively). The levels of P-tau (S396) and · OH in PD-CI patients are significantly higher than controls (P = 0.001 and 0.014, respectively). IL-6 levels in PD-CI patients are strikingly enhanced comparing with those without cognitive impairment (P = 0.005). MoCA score is negatively correlated with the levels of T-tau (r = -0.340), P-tau (S396) (r = -0.448), IL-6 (r = -0.489) and · OH (r = -0.504) in PD-CI patients.
conclusionsElevated levels of T-tau, P-tau (S396), IL-6 and · OH in CSF are significantly correlated with cognitive impairment in PD patients. This investigation may suggest the potential biomarkers relating pathological proteins, neuroinflammatory factors and free radicals in PD patients with cognitive impairment.
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