Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24883189›Full record

ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2014

Cytokine responsiveness of CD8(+) T cells is a reproducible biomarker for the clinical efficacy of dendritic cell vaccination in glioblastoma patients.

Richard G Everson, Richard M Jin, Xiaoyan Wang, Michael Safaee, Rudi Scharnweber, Dominique N Lisiero, Horacio Soto, Linda M Liau, Robert M Prins

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Autologous tumor lysate-loaded dendritic cell vaccination in glioblastoma patients: a systematic review of literature.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Review
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  7. Biomarkers of immunotherapy in glioblastoma.Neuro-oncology practice · 2024
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Current state of immunotherapy for glioblastoma.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2018
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Recent advances and future of immunotherapy for glioblastoma.Expert opinion on biological therapy · 2016
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. The kynurenine to tryptophan ratio as a prognostic tool for glioblastoma patients enrolling in immunotherapy.Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2015
    Article
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  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Richard G Everson *Departments of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Richard M Jin *Departments of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Xiaoyan WangMedicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Michael SafaeeDepartments of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Rudi ScharnweberDepartments of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Dominique N LisieroDepartments of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Horacio SotoDepartments of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Linda M LiauDepartments of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Robert M PrinsDepartments of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
University of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

Women's CancersP30CA016042 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Samuel Wheeler French · 1985 to 2026
$134.5M
UCLA Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR000124 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI DUBINETT, STEVEN M. · 2012 to 2015
$57.0M
UCLA Neurosurgery Research Training and Education ProgramR25NS079198 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI LIAU, LINDA M · 2012 to 2021
$1.2M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000124NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016042NINDS NIH HHS R25 NS079198
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImmunotherapeutic approaches, such as dendritic cell (DC) vaccination, have emerged as promising strategies in the treatment of glioblastoma. Despite their promise, however, the absence of objective biomarkers and/or immunological monitoring techniques to assess the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy still remains a primary limitation. To address this, we sought to identify a functional biomarker for anti-tumor immune responsiveness associated with extended survival in glioblastoma patients undergoing DC vaccination.

methods28 patients were enrolled and treated in two different Phase 1 DC vaccination clinical trials at UCLA. To assess the anti-tumor immune response elicited by therapy, we studied the functional responsiveness of pre- and post-vaccination peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) to the immunostimulatory cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) in 21 of these patients for whom we had adequate material. Immune responsiveness was quantified by measuring downstream phosphorylation events of the transcription factors, STAT-1 and STAT-5, via phospho-specific flow cytometry.

resultsDC vaccination induced a significant decrease in the half-maximal concentration (EC-50) of IL-2 required to upregulate pSTAT-5 specifically in CD3(+)CD8(+) T lymphocytes (p < 0.045). Extended survival was also associated with an increased per cell phosphorylation of STAT-5 in cytotoxic T-cells following IL-2 stimulation when the median post/pre pSTAT-5 ratio was used to dichotomize the patients (p = 0.0015, log-rank survival; hazard ratio = 0.1834, p = 0.018). Patients whose survival was longer than two years had a significantly greater pSTAT-5 ratio (p = 0.015), but, contrary to our expectations, a significantly lower pSTAT-1 ratio (p = 0.038).

conclusionsOur results suggest that monitoring the pSTAT signaling changes in PBL may provide a functional immune monitoring measure predictive of clinical efficacy in DC-vaccinated patients.

Indexed as

Dendritic cellsGlioblastomaPhospho-flow cytometrypSTAT-5T cellsTumor immunity

Identifiers

PMID24883189
PMCPMC4039989
OpenAlexW2104936875

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.