ArticleSleep2014
Challenges in diagnosing narcolepsy without cataplexy: a consensus statement.
Article in Sleep, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 172 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment of central disorders of hypersomnolence: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine systematic review, meta-analysis, and GRADE assessment.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Objective measures of sleep duration and continuity in major depressive disorder with comorbid hypersomnolence: a primary investigation with contiguous systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of sleep research · 2017Pooled it
- Trial
- Postmortem Evidence of CRH Neuron Reduction in Narcolepsy Without Cataplexy With Borderline Hypocretin-1 Levels.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- A lumbar puncture for all who are sleepy?Sleep · 2026Article
- Cerebrospinal fluid orexin testing in Australians with narcolepsy type 1.Internal medicine journal · 2026Article
- iSPHYNCS: Unsupervised Clustering in Questionnaires and Metadata Reveals Distinct Subtypes in the Narcolepsy Borderland.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Immunocyte phenotypes underlying the causal autoimmune features in narcolepsy type 1.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Article
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- Human narcolepsy is linked to degeneration of both locus coeruleus and hypocretin neurons.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Anti-Ma2 Encephalitis as a Treatable Cause of Narcolepsy Type 1: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Recent Advances and Emerging Pharmacotherapeutic Approaches for Central Hypersomnolence Disorders.Clinical pharmacology : advances and applications · 2026Review
- Clinical significance of nocturnal sleep onset REM periods in narcolepsy diagnosis and diagnostic stability.Sleep and biological rhythms · 2026Article
- Idiopathic hypersomnia is a 24-hour disorder.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Patients With Narcolepsy.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Narcolepsy and rapid eye movement sleep.Journal of sleep research · 2025Review
- Prevalence and Factors Associated with Rapid Eye Movement-Related Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients with Narcolepsy.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 11 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDiagnosing narcolepsy without cataplexy is often a challenge as the symptoms are nonspecific, current diagnostic tests are limited, and there are no useful biomarkers. In this report, we review the clinical and physiological aspects of narcolepsy without cataplexy, the limitations of available diagnostic procedures, and the differential diagnoses, and we propose an approach for more accurate diagnosis of narcolepsy without cataplexy.
methodsA group of clinician-scientists experienced in narcolepsy reviewed the literature and convened to discuss current diagnostic tools, and to map out directions for research that should lead to a better understanding and more accurate diagnosis of narcolepsy without cataplexy. RECOMMENDATIONS: To aid in the identification of narcolepsy without cataplexy, we review key indicators of narcolepsy and present a diagnostic algorithm. A detailed clinical history is mainly helpful to rule out other possible causes of chronic sleepiness. The multiple sleep latency test remains the most important measure, and prior sleep deprivation, shift work, or circadian disorders should be excluded by actigraphy or sleep logs. A short REM sleep latency (≤ 15 minutes) on polysomnography can aid in the diagnosis of narcolepsy without cataplexy, although sensitivity is low. Finally, measurement of hypocretin levels can helpful, as levels are low to intermediate in 10% to 30% of narcolepsy without cataplexy patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.