Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24878398›Full record

SynthesisArchives of physical medicine and rehabilitation2014

What do we really know about the safety of tai chi?: A systematic review of adverse event reports in randomized trials.

Peter M Wayne, Danielle L Berkowitz, Daniel E Litrownik, Julie E Buring, Gloria Y Yeh

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04019301 (Caring for Caregivers With Mind-body Exercise), which is not on this map. Cited by 72 papers, 22 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
72citing papers in PubMed, 22 pooled it
10.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04019301 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Caring for Caregivers With Mind-body Exercise

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of HoustonRan2019 to 2022Enrolled47ConditionsCaregiver Distress, Physical Function, Quality of LifeArmsBaduanjin Qigong, Community-based, Baduanjin Qigong, Internet-based
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

72 citing papers in PubMed, 22 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 137 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Tai Chi for rheumatoid arthritis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019
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  14. Exercise to improve functional outcomes in persons with osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2018
    Pooled it
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  17. Health benefits of tai chi: What is the evidence?Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2016
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  19. Qigong in cancer care: a systematic review and construct analysis of effective Qigong therapy.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2016
    Pooled it
  20. Pooled it

12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Peter M WayneOsher Center for Integrative Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA. Electronic address: pwayne@partners.org.
Danielle L BerkowitzOsher Center for Integrative Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
Daniel E LitrownikDivision of General Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA.
Julie E BuringHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
Gloria Y YehHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Division of General Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA.
Harvard University · USBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center · US

Funding

Tai chi, physiologic complexity, and healthy agingR21AT005501 · NCCIH · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI WAYNE, PETER MICHAEL · 2010 to 2012
$733k
NCCIH NIH HHS R21 AT005501NCCIH NIH HHS R21 AT005501-01A1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo systematically review the frequency and quality of adverse event (AE) reports in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of tai chi (TC). DATA SOURCES: Electronic searches of PubMed/MEDLINE and additional databases from inception through March 2013 of English-language RCTs. Search terms included tai chi, taiji, and tai chi chuan. Data were independently extracted by 2 investigators. STUDY SELECTION: We included all available RCTs that were published in English and used TC as an intervention. Inclusion and exclusion criteria of studies were reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. DATA EXTRACTION: Eligible RCTs were categorized with respect to AE reporting: no mention of protocol for monitoring AEs or reports of AEs, and reports of AEs either with or without explicit protocol for monitoring AEs. DATA SYNTHESIS: There were 153 eligible RCTs identified; most targeted older adults. Only 50 eligible trials (33%) included reporting of AEs; of these, only 18 trials (12% overall) also reported an explicit AE monitoring protocol. Protocols varied with respect to the rigor of systematic monitoring in both the TC and comparison groups. Reported AEs were typically minor and expected and primarily musculoskeletal related (eg, knee and back pain); no intervention-related serious AEs were reported.

conclusionsTC is unlikely to result in serious AEs, but it may be associated with minor musculoskeletal aches and pains. However, poor and inconsistent reporting of AEs greatly limits the conclusions that can be drawn regarding the safety of TC.

Indexed as

Patient SafetyHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRehabilitationResearch DesignTai JiExerciseMind-body therapiesRehabilitationSafety

Identifiers

PMID24878398
PMCPMC4499469
OpenAlexW2025756754

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.