ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2014
Diurnal variation in insulin sensitivity of glucose metabolism is associated with diurnal variations in whole-body and cellular fatty acid metabolism in metabolically normal women.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Modification with Food Order and Divided Carbohydrate Intake Improves Glycemic Excursions in Healthy Young Women.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Impact of breakfast consumption timingThe British journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Timing matters: diurnal variation of maximal fat oxidation and substrate oxidation rates in metabolic syndrome-a randomized crossover study.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Trial
- Trial
- The effect of diurnal distribution of carbohydrates and fat on glycaemic control in humans: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2017Trial
- High-Protein Intake during Weight Loss Therapy Eliminates the Weight-Loss-Induced Improvement in Insulin Action in Obese Postmenopausal Women.Cell reports · 2016Trial
- Effect of dietary n-3 PUFA supplementation on the muscle transcriptome in older adults.Physiological reports · 2016Trial
- Effects of Moderate and Subsequent Progressive Weight Loss on Metabolic Function and Adipose Tissue Biology in Humans with Obesity.Cell metabolism · 2016 · on this mapTrial
- Article
- Review
- Effects of Green Tea-Intake Timing on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Older Adults: An 8-Week Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of nutrition and metabolism · 2026Article
- The Role of Exercise in Fat Oxidation and Its Impact on Adolescent Metabolism.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Established dietary interventions and time-restricted eating for cardiovascular disease prevention.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Review
- Characterizing 24-Hour Skeletal Muscle Gene Expression Alongside Metabolic and Endocrine Responses Under Diurnal Conditions.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Circadian Regulation of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Humans: Is There Evidence of an Optimal Time Window for Maximizing Fat Oxidation During Exercise?Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- Diurnal Cycling of Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence for Deviation From Physiology at an Early Stage.Diabetes · 2023Article
- Review
- Evolution of the diagnostic value of "the sugar of the blood": hitting the sweet spot to identify alterations in glucose dynamics.Physiological reviews · 2023Review
- Complex physiology and clinical implications of time-restricted eating.Physiological reviews · 2022Review
- Role of Intermittent Fasting in the Management of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Cureus · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextThe mechanism(s) responsible for diurnal variations in insulin sensitivity of glucose metabolism in healthy people are unclear.
objectiveThe objective of the study was to evaluate whether diurnal variations in whole-body and cellular fatty acid metabolism could contribute to evening insulin resistance in metabolically normal people. SUBJECTS AND
designWe measured plasma the free fatty acid (FFA) concentration, palmitate kinetics, and skeletal muscle expression of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism at breakfast (7:00 am) and dinner (7:00 pm) in 13 overweight (body mass index 27.8 ± 1.2 kg/m(2)) but metabolically normal, women.
resultsPlasma FFA concentration was approximately 30% greater just before consuming dinner than breakfast (P < .05) and remained greater after dinner than breakfast (FFA areas under the curve: 0.88 ± 0.33 and 0.51 ± 0.09 μmol/mL × 4 h, P = .001). However, adipose tissue lipolytic activity was not different in the evening and in the morning. Skeletal muscle expression of genes that regulate fatty acid oxidation were 38-82% lower, whereas genes involved in de novo lipogenesis were 51%-87 % higher before dinner than before breakfast (all P < .05), and these changes were associated with diurnal variation in the muscle expression of core clock genes that regulate fatty acid metabolism.
conclusionMetabolically normal women demonstrate diurnal variations in fatty acid metabolism, manifested by an increase in circulating FFAs, presumably derived from previous meal consumption rather than lipolysis of adipose tissue triglycerides, and a shift in muscle fatty acid metabolism from oxidation to lipogenesis. These metabolic alterations could be responsible for the known evening decline in insulin sensitivity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.