Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24877100›Full record

Trial reportBioMed research international2014

Investigating the synergistic interaction of diabetes, tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, and hypercholesterolemia on the risk of pancreatic cancer: a case-control study in Italy.

Giuseppe La Torre, Antonella Sferrazza, Maria Rosaria Gualano, Chiara de Waure, Gennaro Clemente, Agostino Maria De Rose, Nicola Nicolotti, Gennaro Nuzzo, Roberta Siliquini, Antonio Boccia and 1 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readClinical Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BioMed research international, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Giuseppe La TorreSapienza university of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Antonella SferrazzaInstitute of Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
Maria Rosaria GualanoDepartment of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Chiara de WaureInstitute of Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
Gennaro ClementeDepartment of Surgery, Hepatobiliary Unit, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Italy.
Agostino Maria De RoseDepartment of Surgery, Hepatobiliary Unit, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Italy.
Nicola NicolottiInstitute of Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
Gennaro NuzzoDepartment of Surgery, Hepatobiliary Unit, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Italy.
Roberta SiliquiniDepartment of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Antonio BocciaSapienza university of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Walter RicciardiInstitute of Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore · ITSapienza University of Rome · ITUniversity of Turin · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The aims of the present research are to investigate the possible predictors of pancreatic cancer, in particular smoking status, alcohol consumption, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus, in patients with histologically confirmed pancreatic carcinoma and to examine the synergism between risk factors. A case-control study (80 patients and 392 controls) was conducted at the Teaching Hospital "Agostino Gemelli" in Rome. A conditional logistic regression was used for the statistical analysis and results were presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). We also investigated the possible interactions between risk factors and calculated the synergism index (SI). The multivariate analysis revealed that hypercholesterolemia and alcohol consumption resulted in important risk factors for pancreatic cancer even after the adjustment for all variables (OR: 5.05, 95% CI: 2.94-8.66; OR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.30-3.89, resp.). Interestingly, important synergistic interactions between risk factors were found, especially between ever smoking status and alcohol consumptions (SI = 17.61) as well as alcohol consumption and diabetes (SI = 17.77). In conclusion, the study confirms that hypercholesterolemia and alcohol consumption represent significant and independent risk factors for pancreatic cancer. Moreover, there is evidence of synergistic interaction between diabetes and lifestyle factors (drinking alcohol and eating fatty foods).

Indexed as

Alcohol DrinkingDiabetes ComplicationsHypercholesterolemiaPancreatic NeoplasmsSmokingAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansItalyMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID24877100
PMCPMC4020558
OpenAlexW2171182790

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.