ArticleIndian journal of occupational and environmental medicine2013
Prevalence of Chronic Mountain Sickness in high altitude districts of Himachal Pradesh.
Article in Indian journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chronic high-altitude exposure and intracerebral hemorrhage: A novel perspective from the vascular-immune-neuronal network.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2026Review
- Altitude hypoxia and hypoxemia: pathogenesis and management.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- The effects of high-altitude hypoxic environment on the pharmacokinetics and respiratory function of remimazolam: an experimental study in rats.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Redefining chronic mountain sickness: insights from high-altitude research and clinical experience.Medical review (2021) · 2025Review
- Life destiny of erythrocyte in high altitude erythrocytosis: mechanisms underlying the progression from physiological (moderate) to pathological (excessive) high-altitude erythrocytosis.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Review
- Review
- High-Altitude Hypoxia Induces Excessive Erythrocytosis in Mice via Upregulation of the IntestinalBiomedicines · 2023Article
- The Oxygen Cascade from Atmosphere to Mitochondria as a Tool to Understand the (Mal)adaptation to Hypoxia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- High-Altitude Erythrocytosis: Mechanisms of Adaptive and Maladaptive Responses.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Review
- Transcriptome analysis of pika heart tissue reveals mechanisms underlying the adaptation of a keystone species on the roof of the world.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- [Expression of MMP-9 and microvessels in rat organs with chronic mountain sickness].Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi · 2021Article
- Heterogeneity in Hematological Parameters of High and Low Altitude Tibetan Populations.Journal of blood medicine · 2021Article
- Protective role of estrogen against excessive erythrocytosis in Monge's disease.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2021Article
- Increased hypoxic proliferative response and gene expression in erythroid progenitor cells of Andean highlanders with chronic mountain sickness.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2020Article
- High-altitude adaptation in humans: from genomics to integrative physiology.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2017Review
- High Heart: A Role for Calcineurin Signaling in Hypoxia-Influenced Cardiac Growth.Circulation. Cardiovascular genetics · 2017Article
- Reduced CardiacCirculation. Cardiovascular genetics · 2017Article
- Chronic Mountain Sickness: Clinical Aspects, Etiology, Management, and Treatment.High altitude medicine & biology · 2016Review
- Glucose intolerance associated with hypoxia in people living at high altitudes in the Tibetan highland.BMJ open · 2016Article
- New genetic and physiological factors for excessive erythrocytosis and Chronic Mountain Sickness.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2015Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionChronic Mountain Sickness (CMS) is a maladaptation condition that can affect people who reside permanently at high altitude (HA). It is characterized by polycythemia, hypoxemia and dyspnea and can be fatal. Over 140 million people live permanently at HA around the world. Unfortunately, research into CMS is lacking and accurate data on the prevalence of this condition do not exist for many regions around the world. In this study, we sought to examine prevalence rates of CMS in the Indian Himalayas, focusing on the Northern State of Himachal Pradesh. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe surveyed 83 individuals (69 males) in eight towns across the HA districts of Sirmaur, Kinnaur and Lahaul and Spiti in Himachal Pradesh, India. Altitudes ranged from 2350 to 4150 m. We used an adapted Qinghai CMS scoring system to diagnose CMS. Information related to subject demographics, medical history, socioeconomic status, and geography were collected to identify risk factors for CMS. Physiologic recordings of oxygen saturation (SpO2) and pulse rate were made through pulse oximetry.
resultsOverall CMS prevalence was 6.17% and mean altitude was 3281 m. At altitudes above 3000 m CMS prevalence rose to 13.73%. All cases of CMS were mild and there was a significant positive correlation between CMS scores and altitude (R = 0.784, P = 0.0213). Mean SpO2 was 90.7 ± 0.4% and mean pulse rate was 80.3 ± 1.3 bpm. SpO2 significantly correlated with altitude (R = -0.929, P < 0.001). In our study, age, gender, and tobacco use were not independent risk factors for CMS. Individuals with CMS lived at higher altitudes than their non-CMS counterparts (3736.00 ± 113.30 m vs. 3279.80 ± 69.50 m, respectively; P = 0.017).
conclusionCMS prevalence in HA towns of the Indian Himalayas of Himachal Pradesh is 6.17% and 13.73% for towns above 3000 m. Further research is required to determine the prevalence of CMS in other regions of the world and to determine risk factors associated with CMS.
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