ArticlePloS one2014
Differences in PGE2 production between primary human monocytes and differentiated macrophages: role of IL-1β and TRIF/IRF3.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- PGE2 Enhances Human ILC3 Function but Constrains ILC2-to-ILC3 Plasticity.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Cannabinoid receptor-2 ligand beta-caryophyllene modulates inflammatory responses of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Analysis of the Expression and Activity of Cyclooxygenases COX-1 and COX-2 in THP-1 Monocytes and Macrophages Cultured with Xenogenic Collagen Matrices Biofunctionalized with the Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Monocytes and Macrophages Serve as Potent Prostaglandin DInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, prostaglandins, and COVID-19.British journal of pharmacology · 2020Review
- In Vitro Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Novel Insect FungusAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- On the role of macrophages in the control of adipocyte energy metabolism.Endocrine connections · 2019Review
- Serum Apolipoprotein E and Other Inflammatory Markers Can Identify Non-Responding Patients to a Dendritic Cell Vaccine.Translational oncology · 2019Article
- Investigation of Diacylglycerol Lipase Alpha Inhibition in the Mouse Lipopolysaccharide Inflammatory Pain Model.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2017Article
- Interleukin-36γ and IL-36 receptor signaling mediate impaired host immunity and lung injury in cytotoxic Pseudomonas aeruginosa pulmonary infection: Role of prostaglandin E2.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- IL-33 Signaling Regulates Innate IL-17A and IL-22 Production via Suppression of Prostaglandin EJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2017Article
- Indomethacin sensitizes resistant transformed cells to macrophage cytotoxicity.Immunology letters · 2016Article
- Diacylglycerol lipase β inhibition reverses nociceptive behaviour in mouse models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain.British journal of pharmacology · 2016Article
- Alpha-Tomatine Exhibits Anti-inflammatory Activity in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated Macrophages.Inflammation · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is induced in vivo by bacterial products including TLR agonists. To determine whether PGE2 is induced directly or via IL-1β, human monocytes and macrophages were cultured with LPS or with Pam3CSK4 in presence of caspase-1 inhibitor, ZVAD, or IL-1R antagonist, Kineret. TLR agonists induced PGE2 in macrophages exclusively via IL-1β-independent mechanisms. In contrast, ZVAD and Kineret reduced PGE2 production in LPS-treated (but not in Pam3CSK4-treated) monocytes, by 30-60%. Recombinant human IL-1β augmented COX-2 and mPGES-1 mRNA and PGE2 production in LPS-pretreated monocytes but not in un-primed or Pam3CSK4-primed monocytes. This difference was explained by the finding that LPS but not Pam3CSK4 induced phosphorylation of IRF3 in monocytes suggesting activation of the TRIF signaling pathway. Knocking down TRIF, TRAM, or IRF3 genes by siRNA inhibited IL-1β-induced COX-2 and mPGES-1 mRNA. Blocking of TLR4 endocytosis during LPS priming prevented the increase in PGE2 production by exogenous IL-1β. Our data showed that TLR2 agonists induce PGE2 in monocytes independently from IL-1β. In the case of TLR4, IL-1β augments PGE2 production in LPS-primed monocytes (but not in macrophages) through a mechanism that requires TLR4 internalization and activation of the TRIF/IRF3 pathway. These findings suggest a key role for blood monocytes in the rapid onset of fever in animals and humans exposed to bacterial products and some novel adjuvants.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.