ReviewNature reviews. Endocrinology2014
Glucocorticoids and fetal programming part 1: Outcomes.
Review in Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04832269 (Effects of a Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Therapy With Methylprednisolone), which is not on this map. Cited by 242 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of a Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Therapy With Methylprednisolone (MP) During Pregnancy on Offspring Cognitive Function, Stress Sensitivity, Behaviour and Functional and Structural Brain Development
Who cites it
242 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 565 citations in OpenAlex.
- The proportions of term or late preterm births after exposure to early antenatal corticosteroids, and outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis of 1.6 million infants.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2023Pooled it
- Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to Steroid 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2018Guideline
- Prenatal stress accelerates offspring growth to compensate for reduced maternal investment across mammals.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Pooled it
- Neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with neonatal encephalopathy receiving hydrocortisone during therapeutic hypothermia: follow-up of the extended-CORTISoL trial.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Trial
- From animal models to NAMs: a paradigm shift in developmental immunotoxicity testing.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- The timing of antenatal glucocorticoids determines the receptor sensitivity in preterm infants.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Unraveling 'F' factor: towards a genetic-clinical framework for the musculoskeletal-heart crosstalk in metabolic aging.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Neonatal amygdala microstructure and structural connectivity are associated with autistic traits at 2 years of age.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Article
- Erdosteine modulates surfactant-associated markers and preserves lung architecture in a preterm rat model compared with dexamethasone and betamethasone.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- miR-135a-5p Is a Promising Target to Prevent the Glomerulosclerosis Associated with Podocyte Developmental Toxicity in Offspring Induced by Prenatal Dexamethasone Exposure.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Lipidomics of allantoic fluid collected by allantocentesis indicates a possible mechanism underlying partial litter loss in multifetal pregnancies of ewes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Early life trauma patterns and adult epigenome-wide and NR3C1-specific DNA methylation in the Sister Study.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Developmental programming: gestational exposure to excess testosterone disrupts maternal steroid homeostasis and perturbs the steroid-lipid relationship in sheep.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2026Article
- Serpina3c protects against metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in offspring induced by prenatal prednisone exposure.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Prenatal exposure to oral glucocorticoids and risk of long-term neurodevelopmental disorders.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Shelter to Survival: Unpacking the Health Impacts of Housing Insecurity Across the Life Course.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Review
- Reduced NLRP3, AIM2 and NLRC4 inflammasome activity in cord blood of extremely preterm infants.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- The Pivotal Role of GR-CAR Pathway in Fetal Programming of Hepatic Cytochrome P450 3A Alteration in Adulthood.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Dexamethasone dosage and course effects on respiratory outcomes in preterm twins: retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Cortisol as a Mediator of Prenatal Distress and Difficult Infant Temperament: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol.Health science reports · 2025Article
182 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Fetal development is a critical period for shaping the lifelong health of an individual. However, the fetus is susceptible to internal and external stimuli that can lead to adverse long-term health consequences. Glucocorticoids are an important developmental switch, driving changes in gene regulation that are necessary for normal growth and maturation. The fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is particularly susceptible to long-term programming by glucocorticoids; these effects can persist throughout the life of an organism. Dysfunction of the HPA axis as a result of fetal programming has been associated with impaired brain growth, altered behaviour and increased susceptibility to chronic disease (such as metabolic and cardiovascular disease). Moreover, the effects of glucocorticoid-mediated programming are evident in subsequent generations, and transmission of these changes can occur through both maternal and paternal lineages.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.