ArticleFrontiers in chemistry2014
Controlling topological entanglement in engineered protein hydrogels with a variety of thiol coupling chemistries.
Article in Frontiers in chemistry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of Composition and Network Formation Sequence on the Responsive Behavior of Double-Network Hydrogels.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Hydrogel Network Architecture Design Space: Impact on Mechanical and Viscoelastic Properties.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Diverse reactivity of maleimides in polymer science and beyond.Polymer international · 2025Article
- Engineered Protein Hydrogels as Biomimetic Cellular Scaffolds.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2024Review
- Photochemical Control of Network Topology in PEG Hydrogels.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2024Article
- Structural Determinants of Stimuli-Responsiveness in Amphiphilic Macromolecular Nano-assemblies.Progress in polymer science · 2024Article
- Tuning Protein Hydrogel Mechanics through Modulation of Nanoscale Unfolding and Entanglement in Postgelation Relaxation.ACS nano · 2022Article
- Recent Progress in Biopolymer-Based Hydrogel Materials for Biomedical Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Protein engineering and other bio-synthetic routes for bio-based materials: current uses and potential applications.Frontiers in chemistry · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Topological entanglements between polymer chains are achieved in associating protein hydrogels through the synthesis of high molecular weight proteins via chain extension using a variety of thiol coupling chemistries, including disulfide formation, thiol-maleimide, thiol-bromomaleimide and thiol-ene. Coupling of cysteines via disulfide formation results in the most pronounced entanglement effect in hydrogels, while other chemistries provide versatile means of changing the extent of entanglement, achieving faster chain extension, and providing a facile method of controlling the network hierarchy and incorporating stimuli responsivities. The addition of trifunctional coupling agents causes incomplete crosslinking and introduces branching architecture to the protein molecules. The high-frequency plateau modulus and the entanglement plateau modulus can be tuned by changing the ratio of difunctional chain extender to the trifunctional branching unit. Therefore, these chain extension reactions show promise in delicately controlling the relaxation and mechanical properties of engineered protein hydrogels in ways that complement their design through genetic engineering.
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