ReviewFrontiers in neuroanatomy2014
Fernando de Castro and the discovery of the arterial chemoreceptors.
Review in Frontiers in neuroanatomy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Carotid Body as Part of a Unified Sympathoadrenal System of Neural Crest Derivatives: Insights from Two Centuries of Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Relationship between the density of degenerated neurons in the carotid body and changes in blood pH.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Bioelectronic modulation of carotid sinus nerve to treat type 2 diabetes: current knowledge and future perspectives.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- Comparative exploration of the carotid body in domestic animals: morphology, physiology, histology, and pathology.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
- History and Recent Progress in Carotid Body Studies.Advances in anatomy, embryology, and cell biology · 2023Article
- Not Only COVID-19: Involvement of Multiple Chemosensory Systems in Human Diseases.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2022Review
- Are Multiple Chemosensory Systems Accountable for COVID-19 Outcome?Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide in the Carotid Body-A History of Forty Years of Research. A Mini Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Cajal and the Spanish Neurological School: Neuroscience Would Have Been a Different Story Without Them.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2019Review
- Sensory Processing and Integration at the Carotid Body Tripartite Synapse: Neurotransmitter Functions and Effects of Chronic Hypoxia.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Review
- The Cajal School in the Peripheral Nervous System: The Transcendent Contributions of Fernando de Castro on the Microscopic Structure of Sensory and Autonomic Motor Ganglia.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2016Review
- Oxygen, gastrin-releasing Peptide, and pediatric lung disease: life in the balance.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
When de Castro entered the carotid body (CB) field, the organ was considered to be a small autonomic ganglion, a gland, a glomus or glomerulus, or a paraganglion. In his 1928 paper, de Castro concluded: "In sum, the Glomus caroticum is innervated by centripetal fibers, whose trophic centers are located in the sensory ganglia of the glossopharyngeal, and not by centrifugal [efferent] or secretomotor fibers as is the case for glands; these are precisely the facts which lead to suppose that the Glomus caroticum is a sensory organ." A few pages down, de Castro wrote: "The Glomus represents an organ with multiple receptors furnished with specialized receptor cells like those of other sensory organs [taste buds?]…As a plausible hypothesis we propose that the Glomus caroticum represents a sensory organ, at present the only one in its kind, dedicated to capture certain qualitative variations in the composition of blood, a function that, possibly by a reflex mechanism would have an effect on the functional activity of other organs… Therefore, the sensory fiber would not be directly stimulated by blood, but via the intermediation of the epithelial cells of the organ, which, as their structure suggests, possess a secretory function which would participate in the stimulation of the centripetal fibers." In our article we will recreate the experiments that allowed Fernando de Castro to reach this first conclusion. Also, we will scrutinize the natural endowments and the scientific knowledge that drove de Castro to make the triple hypotheses: the CB as chemoreceptor (variations in blood composition), as a secondary sensory receptor which functioning involves a chemical synapse, and as a center, origin of systemic reflexes. After a brief account of the systemic reflex effects resulting from the CB stimulation, we will complete our article with a general view of the cellular-molecular mechanisms currently thought to be involved in the functioning of this arterial chemoreceptor.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.