Trial reportCancer chemotherapy and pharmacology2014
Interferon alpha plus 13-cis-retinoic acid modulation of BCL-2 plus paclitaxel for recurrent small-cell lung cancer (SCLC): an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study (E6501).
Trial report in Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- The current and emerging immunotherapy paradigm in small-cell lung cancer.Nature cancer · 2025Review
- Isotretinoin-induced pancreatitis: is it time to definitely recognize it: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2025Article
- Small cell lung cancer: emerging subtypes, signaling pathways, and therapeutic vulnerabilities.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2024Review
- [Research Progress of Immunotherapy and Prognostic Markers in Small Cell Lung Cancer].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2020Review
- Advances and challenges in immunotherapy of small cell lung cancer.Chinese journal of cancer research = Chung-kuo yen cheng yen chiu · 2020Article
- Update on the Biology, Management, and Treatment of Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC).Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Review
- The potential of retinoids for combination therapy of lung cancer: Updates and future directions.Pharmacological research · 2019Review
- The role of immunotherapy in small cell lung cancer.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2019Review
- Progress and challenges in the treatment of small cell lung cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2017Review
- Targeting Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Cancer.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2017Review
- Research progress in the treatment of small cell lung cancer.Journal of Cancer · 2017Article
- The Future of Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Small Cell Lung Cancer.The oncologist · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPatients with recurrent small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) have dismal outcomes. The failure of salvage therapy is due to the possible development of resistance mechanisms, such as the upregulation of the anti-apoptosis protein, Bcl-2. We conducted a phase II study to evaluate if modulation of Bcl-2 with 13-cis-retinoic acid (13-CRA) and interferon alpha could improve response rates when combined with paclitaxel in patients with recurrent SCLC.
methodsPatients with recurrent SCLC and measurable disease were treated with interferon alpha at 6 million units/m² subcutaneously and 13-CRA 1 mg/kg orally on days 1 and 2 and paclitaxel 75 mg/m² intravenously on day 2 of each week for 6 weeks of an 8-week treatment cycle. Treatment was continued until disease progression, development of unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent. The primary endpoint was response rate with secondary endpoints of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Bcl-2 levels were assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
resultsThirty-seven patients were enrolled; 34 were included in the intention-to-treat analysis as 3 patients were ineligible for the study. There were 3 partial responses (9 %), and 5 patients had stable disease (15 %) as best response. The median PFS was 2 months, and median OS was 6.2 months. Although mean Bcl-2 protein levels decreased with therapy in PBMCs, there was no association between Bcl-2 levels and response rate or survival.
conclusionDespite sound pre-clinical evidence, the addition of 13-CRA and interferon alpha to paclitaxel did not improve outcomes for recurrent SCLC.
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