Trial reportPediatric research2014
Vitamin D supplementation of breastfed infants: a randomized dose-response trial.
Trial report in Pediatric research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Vitamin D supplementation in pregnant or breastfeeding women or young children for preventing asthma.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- The Relationship Between Vitamin D Intake and Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in Young Children: A Meta-Regression to Inform WHO/FAO Vitamin D Intake Recommendations.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Vitamin D intakes and health outcomes in infants and preschool children: Summary of an evidence report.Annals of medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of oral vitamin D supplementation on linear growth and other health outcomes among children under five years of age.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Vitamin D Status of Infants of Mothers with Gestational Diabetes: Status at Birth and a Randomized Controlled Trial of Vitamin D Supplementation across Infancy.The Journal of nutrition · 2022Trial
- Effect of Oral Vitamin D3 Supplementation in Exclusively Breastfed Newborns: Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2022Trial
- Vitamin D status in full-term exclusively breastfed infants versus full-term breastfed infants receiving vitamin D supplementation in Thailand: a randomized controlled trial.BMC pediatrics · 2021Trial
- Vitamin D supplementation in breastfed infants from Montréal, Canada: 25-hydroxyvitamin D and bone health effects from a follow-up study at 3 years of age.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Iron stores of breastfed infants during the first year of life.Nutrients · 2014Trial
- Efficacy of 800 IU Versus 400 IU Daily Oral Vitamin DIndian pediatrics · 2026Article
- Asymptomatic Infant Rib Fractures Are Primarily Non-abuse-Related and Should Not Be Used to Assess Physical Child Abuse.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Different Vitamin D Supplementation Strategies in the First Years of Life: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- A Comparison of Vitamin and Lutein Concentrations in Breast Milk from Four Asian Countries.Nutrients · 2020Article
- Analytical Bias in the Measurement of Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Infants.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Trajectory of vitamin D, micronutrient status and childhood growth in exclusively breastfed children.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Factors Affecting Vitamin D Status in Infants.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Update of the tolerable upper intake level for vitamin D for infants.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2018Article
- Vitamin D in pediatric age: consensus of the Italian Pediatric Society and the Italian Society of Preventive and Social Pediatrics, jointly with the Italian Federation of Pediatricians.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBreastfed infants require supplementation with vitamin D (vD), but little is known about the necessary dose. This double blind trial evaluated four different doses of vD.
methodsExclusively breastfed infants (N = 213) were randomized at 1 mo to one of four doses, which they received through 9 mo while receiving no formula. The supplements provided daily 200 IU, 400 IU, 600 IU, or 800 IU of vD. The primary endpoint was plasma 25(OH)D level, and secondary outcomes were plasma parathyroid hormone and calcium, and illness incidence. The study was conducted during winter at 41° N.
resultsMost infants had low (<50 nmol/l) 25(OH)D levels at 1 mo, but with supplementation levels rose. Overall, levels of 25(OH)D differed significantly in proportion to vD dose. There were no effects of vD on illness incidence or growth. Low levels were common, with 7.8% of levels being <50 nmol/l and 15 infants having 2 to 4 low levels.
conclusionThe four doses of vD produced different plasma levels of 25(OH)D. The higher doses were somewhat more efficacious in maintaining vD sufficiency in breastfed infants. The findings support the recommended dose of 400 IU/d, and stress the need to start supplementation at birth.
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