ReviewLancet (London, England)2014
Hajj: infectious disease surveillance and control.
Review in Lancet (London, England), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 169 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
169 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effectiveness of Public Health Digital Surveillance Systems for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control at Mass Gatherings: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Pooled it
- Hajj-associated viral respiratory infections: A systematic review.Travel medicine and infectious diseasePooled it
- A systematic review of emerging respiratory viruses at the Hajj and possible coinfection with Streptococcus pneumoniae.Travel medicine and infectious diseasePooled it
- Clinical respiratory infections and pneumonia during the Hajj pilgrimage: A systematic review.Travel medicine and infectious diseasePooled it
- A cluster-randomised controlled trial to test the efficacy of facemasks in preventing respiratory viral infection among Hajj pilgrims.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2015Trial
- Self-reported acute respiratory illness during the pre-ritual and post-return phases of Hajj among South African pilgrims in 2025: a retrospective cohort study.IJID regions · 2026Article
- Rubella and congenital rubella syndrome in the GCC countries: A retrospective ecological analysis of elimination progress and scenario-based projections, 2020-2024.Journal of virus eradication · 2026Article
- Respiratory pathogen epidemiology in the post-pandemic era: a multicenter retrospective study from Saudi Arabia.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Immunogenicity and Safety of Quadrivalent Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine (MenACYW-TT) in Potential Hajj/Umrah Pilgrims Aged ≥ 56 Years: A Phase III, Open-Label Study.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Speeding up respiratory diagnosis: clinical drivers, barriers, and system readiness for rapid molecular point-of-care testing in Saudi Arabia.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Disease Burden and Pattern of Healthcare Utilization Among Pilgrims During Hajj 2024: A Cross‑Sectional Analysis.Annals of global health · 2026Article
- Critical determinants of morbidity and adverse outcomes during the Hajj using the Haddon matrix and the combined model.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Predictors of Falls Among Younger and Older Adult Pilgrims During the Hajj Mass Gathering: An Age-Stratified Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Considering Islamic Frameworks to Infectious Disease Prevention.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Medication Adherence Among Pilgrims with Chronic Diseases at Hajj 2024.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Article
- The Return of MenW: Religious Mass Gatherings as Global Catalysts for Meningococcal Spread.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025Article
- Article
- Immunization Coverage and Barriers among Hajj and Umrah Pilgrims: Insights into Vaccine Uptake and Compliance.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025Article
- Review
- Prevalence and Risk of Meningococcal Disease or Carriage During Mass Gatherings and Associated Travel: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Review
109 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Religious festivals attract a large number of pilgrims from worldwide and are a potential risk for the transmission of infectious diseases between pilgrims, and to the indigenous population. The gathering of a large number of pilgrims could compromise the health system of the host country. The threat to global health security posed by infectious diseases with epidemic potential shows the importance of advanced planning of public health surveillance and response at these religious events. Saudi Arabia has extensive experience of providing health care at mass gatherings acquired through decades of managing millions of pilgrims at the Hajj. In this report, we describe the extensive public health planning, surveillance systems used to monitor public health risks, and health services provided and accessed during Hajj 2012 and Hajj 2013 that together attracted more than 5 million pilgrims from 184 countries. We also describe the recent establishment of the Global Center for Mass Gathering Medicine, a Saudi Government partnership with the WHO Collaborating Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Gulf Co-operation Council states, UK universities, and public health institutions globally.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.