ArticlePreventive veterinary medicine2014
Inferences about the transmission of Schmallenberg virus within and between farms.
Article in Preventive veterinary medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Re-parameterization of a mathematical model of African horse sickness virus using data from a systematic literature search.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Simulating the Transmission of Rift Valley Fever Virus via Raw Milk Consumption in Inter-Epidemic Periods.Viruses · 2026Article
- Seroepidemiological Investigation and Risk Factors of Schmallenberg Virus Infection in Sheep and Goats in Bangladesh.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Spatial Modelling of Environmental Risk Factors Influencing Schmallenberg Virus Exposure in German Sheep.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Preparation for a potential outbreak of bluetongue virus in Ireland: surveillance design to estimate local prevalence after an initial case detection.Irish veterinary journal · 2025Article
- Monitoring of Schmallenberg virus, bluetongue virus and epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus in biting midges in Germany 2019-2023.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Modelling the Influence of Climate and Vector Control Interventions on Arbovirus Transmission.Viruses · 2024Article
- Post-Epidemic Distribution of Schmallenberg Virus inViruses · 2019Article
- The effect of temperature, farm density and foot-and-mouth disease restrictions on the 2007 UK bluetongue outbreak.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Schmallenberg virus: a systematic international literature review (2011-2019) from an Irish perspective.Irish veterinary journal · 2019Review
- Survey to determine the farm-level impact of Schmallenberg virus during the 2016-2017 United Kingdom lambing season.The Veterinary record · 2018Article
- A dynamic model of transmission and elimination of peste des petits ruminants in Ethiopia.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Microclimatic temperatures at Danish cattle farms, 2000-2016: quantifying the temporal and spatial variation in the transmission potential of Schmallenberg virus.Parasites & vectors · 2018Article
- Blood-feeding, susceptibility to infection with Schmallenberg virus and phylogenetics of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the United Kingdom.Parasites & vectors · 2018Article
- Hypothetical route of the introduction of Schmallenberg virus into Ireland using two complementary analyses.The Veterinary record · 2018Article
- Quantifying the roles of host movement and vector dispersal in the transmission of vector-borne diseases of livestock.PLoS computational biology · 2017Article
- Generation and characterization of a potentially applicable Vero cell line constitutively expressing the Schmallenberg virus nucleocapsid protein.Cytotechnology · 2017Article
- A freedom from disease study: Schmallenberg virus in the south of England in 2015.The Veterinary record · 2016Article
- Post-epidemic Schmallenberg virus circulation: parallel bovine serological and Culicoides virological surveillance studies in Ireland.BMC veterinary research · 2016Article
- Prevalence and distribution of exposure to Schmallenberg virus in Irish cattle during October 2012 to November 2013.BMC veterinary research · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In the summer of 2011 Schmallenberg virus (SBV), a Culicoides-borne orthobunyavirus, emerged in Germany and The Netherlands and subsequently spread across much of Europe. To draw inferences about the transmission of SBV we have developed two models to describe its spread within and between farms. The within-farm model was fitted to seroprevalence data for cattle and sheep farms in Belgium and The Netherlands, with parameters estimated using approximate Bayesian computation. Despite the short duration of viraemia in cattle and sheep (mean of 3-4 days) the within-farm seroprevalence can reach high levels (mean within-herd seroprevalence >80%), largely because the probability of transmission from host to vector is high (14%) and SBV is able to replicate quickly (0.03 per day-degree) and at relatively low temperatures (threshold for replication: 12.3°C). Parameter estimates from the within-farm model were then used in a separate between-farm model to simulate the regional spread of SBV. This showed that the rapid spread of SBV at a regional level is primarily a consequence of the high probability of transmission from host to vector and the temperature requirements for virus replication. Our results, obtained for a region of the UK in a typical year with regard to animal movements, indicate that there is no need to invoke additional transmission mechanisms to explain the observed patterns of rapid spread of SBV in Europe. Moreover, the imposition of movement restrictions, even a total movement ban, has little effect on the spread of SBV at this scale.
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