ArticleCancer cell2014
Stromal elements act to restrain, rather than support, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Article in Cancer cell, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1,329 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1,329 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Signaling pathway mechanisms in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumor microenvironment and emerging targeting strategies for improved prognosis.Oncology reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Vitamin D and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma-A Review of a Complicated Relationship.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Biomarker Analysis from Patients with Metastatic PDAC Treated with TGFβ Antibody NIS793 plus Abraxane + Gemcitabine versus Abraxane + Gemcitabine Alone in a Phase II, Open-Label, Randomized Study.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Trial
- Gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel with or without the VDR agonist paricalcitol for metastatic pancreatic cancer: a randomized, multiarm, run-in phase trial.Nature cancer · 2026Trial
- Trial
- PD-1 antibody camrelizumab plus apatinib and SOX as first-line treatment in patients with AFP-producing gastric or gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma (CAP 06): a multi-center, single-arm, phase 2 trial.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Trial
- Integrative single-cell and spatial transcriptomic approaches to decipher the tumor microenvironment and therapeutic resistance in pancreatic cancer.Cancer biology & therapy · 2026Review
- Chemopreventive Effect of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia) Juice on Pancreatic Carcinogenesis in LSL-KrasMolecular carcinogenesis · 2026Article
- Emerging Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in the Development of Metastasis, Drug Resistance, and Molecular Targeted Strategies A Commentary.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Article
- Actinomycetota-Derived Metabolites in Pancreatic Cancer: Chemical Diversity, Metabolic Vulnerability, and Translational Barriers.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- Spatial multi-omics uncovers an invasive-desmoplastic cellular community with prognostic and therapeutic implications in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Advanced biotechnology · 2026Article
- Metabolic reprogramming in cancer-associated fibroblasts: orchestrating the tumor immune microenvironment and response to immune checkpoint blockade.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Decoding spatiotemporal fibrotic and cellular immunosuppression of therapeutic T cells in live pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Molecular systems biology · 2026Article
- Targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts: therapeutic strategies, translational challenges, and future perspectives.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Enzyme-mediated remodeling of the extracellular matrix and glycocalyx to enhance immunotherapy in solid tumors.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2026Review
- An integrated spatially defined roadmap of normal and cancer-associated colon fibroblasts.Molecular systems biology · 2026Article
- Bridging the gap: a genetically validated avian chorioallantoic membrane platform for investigation of spontaneous circulating tumor cells.Molecular oncology · 2026Article
- Review
- A Full Spectrum Fibroblast Profiling Panel Reveals Phenotypic and Metabolic Heterogeneity of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts at the Single-Cell Level.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Tumors: Forces Beyond Fibroblasts.Cancer research · 2026Article
1,269 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Sonic hedgehog (Shh), a soluble ligand overexpressed by neoplastic cells in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), drives formation of a fibroblast-rich desmoplastic stroma. To better understand its role in malignant progression, we deleted Shh in a well-defined mouse model of PDAC. As predicted, Shh-deficient tumors had reduced stromal content. Surprisingly, such tumors were more aggressive and exhibited undifferentiated histology, increased vascularity, and heightened proliferation--features that were fully recapitulated in control mice treated with a Smoothened inhibitor. Furthermore, administration of VEGFR blocking antibody selectively improved survival of Shh-deficient tumors, indicating that Hedgehog-driven stroma suppresses tumor growth in part by restraining tumor angiogenesis. Together, these data demonstrate that some components of the tumor stroma can act to restrain tumor growth.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.