ArticleImmunology2014
Neutralization of interleukin-9 ameliorates symptoms of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis in rats by decreasing effector T cells and altering humoral responses.
Article in Immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cytokine Profiles in Myasthenia Gravis Subgroups and the Lack of Any Effect of Immunosuppression.Muscle & nerve · 2026Article
- Global Research Landscape in T Cells and Myasthenia Gravis: Trends, Collaborations, and Future Directions.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Th9/IL-9 axis mediates airway fibrosis in traumatic tracheal stenosis via TGF-β1/SMAD2/3 signaling.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Safety profile and efficacy of secukinumab in the treatment of autoimmune myasthenia gravis: a single-center retrospective study.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Targeting Th9 cells in autoimmune diseases: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Negative impact of Interleukin-9 on synovial regulatory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2023Article
- Astragaloside IV ameliorates experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis by regulating CD4 + T cells and altering gut microbiota.Chinese medicine · 2023Article
- Mechanistic insight of interleukin-9 induced osteoclastogenesis.Immunology · 2023Article
- Lymphoplasma Exchange Improves Myasthenia Gravis Exacerbations: A Retrospective Study in a Chinese Center.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Leflunomide combined with low-dose prednisone inhibits proinflammatory T cells responses in myasthenia gravis patients.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Th9 Cells in Peripheral Blood Increased in Patients with Immune-Related Pancytopenia.Journal of immunology research · 2020Article
- An Update on Interleukin-9: From Its Cellular Source and Signal Transduction to Its Role in Immunopathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Synovial IL-9 facilitates neutrophil survival, function and differentiation of Th17 cells in rheumatoid arthritis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2018Article
- Anti-Interleukin-9 Antibody Increases the Effect of Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy in Murine Allergic Rhinitis.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2017Article
- Article
- Expression and role of interleukin-9 in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.Molecular vision · 2017Article
- Th9 cells in the pathogenesis of EAE and multiple sclerosis.Seminars in immunopathology · 2017Review
- [Changes in peripheral blood T helper 9 cells and interleukin-9 in children in the acute stage of Kawasaki disease].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2016Article
- Animal models of myasthenia gravis: utility and limitations.International journal of general medicine · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukin-9 (IL-9) was initially thought to be a type 2 T helper (Th2)-associated cytokine involved in the regulation of autoimmune responses by affecting multiple cell types. However, it was recently shown that IL-9-producing CD4+ T cells represent a discrete subset of Th cells, designated Th9 cells. Although Th9 cells have been shown to be important in many diseases, their roles in myasthenia gravis (MG) are unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether IL-9 and Th9 cells promote the progression of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG). The results showed that the percentage of Th9 cells changed during the progression of EAMG, accompanied by an up-regulation of IL-9. Blocking IL-9 activity with antibodies against IL-9 inhibited EAMG-associated pathology in rats and reduced serum anti-acetylcholine receptor IgG levels. Neutralization of IL-9 altered the Th subset distribution in EAMG, reducing the number of Th1 cells and increasing the number of regulatory T cells. Administration of an anti-IL-9 antibody may represent an effective therapeutic strategy for MG-associated pathologies or other T-cell- or B-cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.