ReviewImmunologic research2014
Toll-like receptors and B cells: functions and mechanisms.
Review in Immunologic research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disrupting CD22-cis-ligand interactions ameliorates type 1 diabetes and graft rejection by expanding regulatory B cells.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy: immune microenvironment remodeling and gut microbiota modification.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- circRNA/TLR interaction: key players in immune regulation and autoimmune diseases.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Gut microbiome and viral infections: A hidden nexus for immune protection.World journal of virology · 2025Review
- Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) expression correlates with cell of origin and predicts clinical outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.BMC cancer · 2025Article
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- Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients with COVID-19: A Review.Current nutrition reports · 2025Review
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- Critical role of the gut microbiota in immune responses and cancer immunotherapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2024Review
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- Factors Governing B Cell Recognition of Autoantigen and Function in Type 1 Diabetes.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The overlooked bacterial pandemic.Seminars in immunopathology · 2024Review
- Activated B-Cells enhance epitope spreading to support successful cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Targeting innate immune pathways for cancer immunotherapy.Immunity · 2023Review
- Age-dependent transcriptomic profiles of leukocytes in pediatric population.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2023Article
- Role of TLRs in HIV-1 Infection and Potential of TLR Agonists in HIV-1 Vaccine Development and Treatment Strategies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Treatment Strategies and Mechanisms Associated with the Prevention of NASH-Associated HCC by a Toll-like Receptor 4 Inhibitor.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2023Article
- Mimicking the brain: Epstein-Barr virus and foreign agents as drivers of neuroimmune attack in multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Numerous reports have described Toll-like receptor (TLR) functions in myeloid cells such as dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, but relatively fewer studies have examined TLR responses in B lymphocytes. B cells express a wide variety of TLRs and are highly activated after TLR ligation, leading to enhancements in B cell survival, surface molecule expression, cytokine and antibody production, and antigen presentation. During an immune response, B cells can receive signals through TLRs as well as the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) and/or CD40. TLR ligation synergizes with signals through these receptors and augments both innate and adaptive immune functions of B lymphocytes. Additionally, targeting B cell TLRs may provide new therapies against certain types of cancer as well as autoimmune diseases. Here, we summarize TLR expression and contributions to both normal and pathogenic functions in mouse and human B cells.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.