ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2014
PILRα and PILRβ have a siglec fold and provide the basis of binding to sialic acid.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Therapeutic targeting of neuroimmune mechanisms in neurodegeneration.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- HOXD13-mediated immune crosstalk between cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages drives colorectal cancer progression.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Decoding the diabetes-pancreatic adenocarcinoma connection: the critical role of PILRA in intermediate monocyte activity.BMC medical genomics · 2026Article
- Discovery and characterization of vertebrate sialoglycan-binding proteins.Seminars in immunology · 2025Review
- PILRα on tumor cells interacts with the T cell surface protein CD99 to suppress antitumor immunity.Nature cancer · 2025Article
- Single-Particle Cryo-EM to Investigate Nonenveloped Virus-Like Particles.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Single-cell RNA-seq combined with bulk RNA-seq explores shared gene signatures between thyroid and breast cancers.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Cell-Int: a cell-cell interaction assay to identify native membrane protein interactions.Life science alliance · 2024Article
- Uncloaking the viral glycocalyx: How do viruses exploit glycoimmune checkpoints?Advances in virus research · 2024Review
- Lysosome-related genes predict acute myeloid leukemia prognosis and response to immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Comprehensive analysis of PILRΑ's association with the prognosis, tumor immune infiltration, and immunotherapy in pan-cancer.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Impact of actin polymerization and filopodia formation on herpes simplex virus entry in epithelial, neuronal, and T lymphocyte cells.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Protective anti-gB neutralizing antibodies targeting two vulnerable sites for EBV-cell membrane fusion.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Microglia in Alzheimer's Disease: An Unprecedented Opportunity as Prospective Drug Target.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Review
- The clinical impact of glycobiology: targeting selectins, Siglecs and mammalian glycans.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2021Review
- Herpes Simplex Virus Cell Entry Mechanisms: An Update.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- Expression of the Pseudorabies Virus gB Glycoprotein Triggers NK Cell Cytotoxicity and Increases Binding of the Activating NK Cell Receptor PILRβ.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Paired Immunoglobulin-like Type 2 Receptor Alpha G78R variant alters ligand binding and confers protection to Alzheimer's disease.PLoS genetics · 2018Article
- Structural and thermodynamic analyses reveal critical features of glycopeptide recognition by the human PILRα immune cell receptor.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2017Article
- The immune receptor Trem1 cooperates with diminished DNA damage response to induce preleukemic stem cell expansion.Leukemia · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor α (PILRα) and β (PILRβ) belong to the PILR family and are related to innate immune regulation in various species. Despite their high sequence identity, PILRα and PILRβ are shown to have variant sialic acid (SA) binding avidities. To explore the molecular basis of this interaction, we solved the crystal structures of PILRα and PILRβ at resolutions of 1.6 Å and 2.2 Å, respectively. Both molecules adopt a typical siglec fold but use a hydrophobic bond to substitute the siglec-specific disulfide linkage for protein stabilization. We further used HSV-1 glycoprotein B (gB) as a representative molecule to study the PILR-SA interaction. Deploying site-directed mutagenesis, we demonstrated that three residues (Y2, R95, and W108) presented on the surface of PILRα form the SA binding site equivalent to those in siglecs but are arranged in a unique linear mode. PILRβ differs from PILRα in one of these three residues (L108), explaining its inability to engage gB. Mutation of L108 to tryptophan in PILRβ restored the gB-binding capacity. We further solved the structure of this PILRβ mutant complexed with SA, which reveals the atomic details mediating PILR/SA recognition. In comparison with the free PILR structures, amino acid Y2 oriented variantly in the complex structure, thereby disrupting the linear arrangement of PILR residues Y2, R95, and W108. In conclusion, our study provides significant implications for the PILR-SA interaction and paves the way for understanding PILR-related ligand binding.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.