Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24840709›Full record

ArticleMolecular psychiatry2015

Disorders of compulsivity: a common bias towards learning habits.

V Voon, K Derbyshire, C Rück, M A Irvine, Y Worbe, J Enander, L R N Schreiber, C Gillan, N A Fineberg, B J Sahakian and 7 more

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 330 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
330citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
49.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02794389 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

How do Glutathione Levels Affect Compulsivity? A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of OxfordRan2016 to 2017Enrolled23ConditionsAnorexia Nervosa, Compulsive BehaviorArmsN-acetyl cysteine, Placebo
NCT06566781 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Reinforcement Learning and Obsessive-compulsive Disorder: Exploring the Role of the Orbitofrontal Cortex

TypeobservationalSponsorFundacao ChampalimaudRan2019 to 2026Enrolled230ConditionsObsessive-Compulsive Disorder
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

330 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 661 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Reward Processing in Binge Eating and Harmful Drinking: A Systematic Review.The International journal of eating disorders · 2026
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  6. Impulsivity and compulsivity in binge eating disorder: A systematic review of behavioral studies.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2021
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270 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.

V Voon1] Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK [2] Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK [3] Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
K Derbyshire1] Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA [2] Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
C RückDivision of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
M A IrvineDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Y WorbeBehavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
J EnanderDivision of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
L R N SchreiberDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
C Gillan1] Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK [2] Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
N A FinebergDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, UK.
B J Sahakian1] Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK [2] Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
T W Robbins1] Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK [2] Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
N A HarrisonClinical Imaging Sciences Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
J WoodCambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
N D DawCenter for Neural Science and Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
P DayanGatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, University College London, London, UK.
J E GrantDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
E T Bullmore1] Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK [2] Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK [3] Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK [4] NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK.
University of Cambridge · GBCambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust · GBKarolinska Institutet · SEUniversity of Minnesota · USBrighton and Sussex Medical School · GBNew York University · USUniversity College London · GBUniversity of Chicago · USUniversity of Hertfordshire · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council G0001354Medical Research Council G1000183Wellcome Trust 089589/Z/09/ZWellcome Trust 093705Wellcome Trust 093705/Z/10/ZWellcome Trust 095844
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Why do we repeat choices that we know are bad for us? Decision making is characterized by the parallel engagement of two distinct systems, goal-directed and habitual, thought to arise from two computational learning mechanisms, model-based and model-free. The habitual system is a candidate source of pathological fixedness. Using a decision task that measures the contribution to learning of either mechanism, we show a bias towards model-free (habit) acquisition in disorders involving both natural (binge eating) and artificial (methamphetamine) rewards, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. This favoring of model-free learning may underlie the repetitive behaviors that ultimately dominate in these disorders. Further, we show that the habit formation bias is associated with lower gray matter volumes in caudate and medial orbitofrontal cortex. Our findings suggest that the dysfunction in a common neurocomputational mechanism may underlie diverse disorders involving compulsion.

Indexed as

BiasHabitsAdultAlgorithmsBrainCase-Control StudiesChoice BehaviorComputer SimulationFemaleHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedLearningMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedObesity

Identifiers

PMID24840709
PMCPMC4351889
OpenAlexW2039051284

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.