ReviewImmunologic research2014
Staphylococcal superantigens interact with multiple host receptors to cause serious diseases.
Review in Immunologic research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Infections in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis and the Influence of Treatment.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2025Review
- Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Epidemiology ofInfection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus endangers Egyptian dairy herds.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Staphylococcal Enterotoxins: Description and Importance in Food.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Autoimmunity: A New Focus on Nasal Polyps.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Staphylococcal Enterotoxins Promote Virulence in Bacterial Keratitis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Multi-target antibacterial mechanism of ruthenium polypyridine complexes with anthraquinone groups againstRSC medicinal chemistry · 2023Article
- A genetic regulatory see-saw of biofilm and virulence in MRSA pathogenesis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Methicillin-resistantVirulence · 2021Article
- Review
- The role of bacterial skin infections in atopic dermatitis: expert statement and review from the International Eczema Council Skin Infection Group.The British journal of dermatology · 2020Review
- Development of a vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus invasive infections: Evidence based on human immunity, genetics and bacterial evasion mechanisms.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2020Review
- Structure of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin N: Implications for Binding Properties to Its Cellular Proteins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Rapid Detection of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin-B by Lateral Flow Assay.Monoclonal antibodies in immunodiagnosis and immunotherapy · 2019Article
- Immunity toMicrobiology spectrum · 2019Review
- Impact of Superantigen-Producing Bacteria on T Cells from Tonsillar Hyperplasia.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Bacterial Superantigens Expand and Activate, Rather than Delete or Incapacitate, Preexisting Antigen-Specific Memory CD8+ T Cells.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Review
- Local Diversification of Methicillin- ResistantFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus strains that cause human diseases produce a large family of pyrogenic toxin superantigens (SAgs). These include toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), the staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs), and the SE-like proteins; to date, 23 staphylococcal SAgs have been described. Among the SAgs, three have been highly associated with human diseases (TSST-1, SEB, and SEC), likely because they are produced in high concentrations compared to other SAgs. Another major family of exotoxins produced by S. aureus is the cytolysins, particularly α-, β-, γ-, and δ-toxins, phenol soluble modulins, and leukocidins. This review discusses the association of SAgs with human diseases and particularly the "outside-in" signaling mechanism that leads to SAg-associated diseases. We discuss SAg interactions with three host immune cell receptors, including variable regions of the β-chain of the T cell receptor, MHC II α- and/or β-chains, and an epithelial/endothelial cell receptor that may include CD40. To a lesser extent, we discuss the role of cytolysins in facilitating disease production by SAgs.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.