ArticlePloS one2014
Long bone structure and strength depend on BMP2 from osteoblasts and osteocytes, but not vascular endothelial cells.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insights into the mechanism of vascular endothelial cells on bone biology.Bioscience reports · 2021Pooled it
- CRISPR-mediated conditional mutagenesis ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- An Outline on the Advancements in Surgical Management of Osteoporosis-Associated Fractures.Cureus · 2024Review
- Suffruticosol A elevates osteoblast differentiation targeting BMP2-Smad/1/5/8-RUNX2 in pre-osteoblasts.BioFactors (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- The versatility and paradox of BMP signaling in endothelial cell behaviors and blood vessel function.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Review
- Article
- The Role of BMP Signaling in Osteoclast Regulation.Journal of developmental biology · 2021Review
- BMP2-dependent gene regulatory network analysis reveals Klf4 as a novel transcription factor of osteoblast differentiation.Cell death & disease · 2021Article
- The Association BetweenIndian journal of orthopaedics · 2021Article
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 in Development and Bone Homeostasis.Journal of developmental biology · 2020Review
- Vitamin D-regulated osteocytic sclerostin and BMP2 modulate uremic extraskeletal calcification.JCI insight · 2019Article
- The Unmixing Problem: A Guide to Applying Single-Cell RNA Sequencing to Bone.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2019Review
- Bone morphogenetic protein signaling through ACVR1 and BMPR1A negatively regulates bone mass along with alterations in bone composition.Journal of structural biology · 2018Article
- GSK-3β inhibition suppresses instability-induced osteolysis by a dual action on osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation.Journal of cellular physiology · 2018Article
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- Article
- BMP signalling in skeletal development, disease and repair.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2016Review
- Article
- Establishing biomechanical mechanisms in mouse models: practical guidelines for systematically evaluating phenotypic changes in the diaphyses of long bones.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2015Review
- Overview of biological mechanisms and applications of three murine models of bone repair: closed fracture with intramedullary fixation, distraction osteogenesis, and marrow ablation by reaming.Current protocols in mouse biology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The importance of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) in the skeleton is well known. BMP2 is expressed in a variety of tissues during development, growth and healing. In this study we sought to better identify the role of tissue-specific BMP2 during post-natal growth and to determine if BMP2 knockout affects the ability of terminally differentiated cells to create high quality bone material. We targeted BMP2 knockout to two differentiated cell types known to express BMP2 during growth and healing, early-stage osteoblasts and their progeny (osterix promoted Cre) and vascular endothelial cells (vascular-endothelial-cadherin promoted Cre). Our objectives were to assess post-natal bone growth, structure and strength. We hypothesized that removal of BMP2 from osteogenic and vascular cells (separately) would result in smaller skeletons with inferior bone material properties. At 12 and 24 weeks of age the osteoblast knockout of BMP2 reduced body weight by 20%, but the vascular knockout had no effect. Analysis of bone in the tibia revealed reductions in cortical and cancellous bone size and volume in the osteoblast knockout, but not in the vascular endothelial knockout. Furthermore, forelimb strength testing revealed a 30% reduction in ultimate force at both 12 and 24 weeks in the osteoblast knockout of BMP2, but no change in the vascular endothelial knockout. Moreover, mechanical strength testing of femurs from osteoblast knockout mice demonstrated an increased Young's modulus (greater than 35%) but decreased post-yield displacement (greater than 50%) at both 12 and 24 weeks of age. In summary, the osteoblast knockout of BMP2 reduced bone size and altered mechanical properties at the whole-bone and material levels. Osteoblast-derived BMP2 has an important role in post-natal skeletal growth, structure and strength, while vascular endothelial-derived BMP2 does not.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.