Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24837663›Full record

ArticleNature biotechnology2014

Phenotypic screening of the ToxCast chemical library to classify toxic and therapeutic mechanisms.

Nicole C Kleinstreuer, Jian Yang, Ellen L Berg, Thomas B Knudsen, Ann M Richard, Matthew T Martin, David M Reif, Richard S Judson, Mark Polokoff, David J Dix and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biotechnology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
97citing papers in PubMed
33.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

97 citing papers in PubMed, 208 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  8. Synergistic toxicity in alcohol-associated liver disease and PFAS exposure.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2025
    Review
  9. Article
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  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Guidelines on Developmental Toxicity Tests: Brief Insights.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Pharmaceutical agent cetylpyridinium chloride inhibits immune mast cell function by interfering with calcium mobilization.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2023
    Article
  17. Computational Construction of Toxicant Signaling Networks.Chemical research in toxicology · 2023
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Pervasive environmental chemicals impair oligodendrocyte development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023
    Article

37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Nicole C KleinstreuerNational Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
Jian YangBioSeek, a division of DiscoveRx, Inc., S. San Francisco, California, USA.
Ellen L BergBioSeek, a division of DiscoveRx, Inc., S. San Francisco, California, USA.
Thomas B KnudsenNational Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
Ann M RichardNational Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
Matthew T MartinNational Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
David M ReifNational Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
Richard S JudsonNational Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
Mark PolokoffBioSeek, a division of DiscoveRx, Inc., S. San Francisco, California, USA.
David J DixNational Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
Robert J KavlockNational Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
Keith A HouckNational Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
Environmental Protection Agency · USResearch Triangle Park Foundation · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Addressing the safety aspects of drugs and environmental chemicals has historically been undertaken through animal testing. However, the quantity of chemicals in need of assessment and the challenges of species extrapolation require the development of alternative approaches. Our approach, the US Environmental Protection Agency's ToxCast program, utilizes a large suite of in vitro and model organism assays to interrogate important chemical libraries and computationally analyze bioactivity profiles. Here we evaluated one component of the ToxCast program, the use of primary human cell systems, by screening for chemicals that disrupt physiologically important pathways. Chemical-response signatures for 87 endpoints covering molecular functions relevant to toxic and therapeutic pathways were generated in eight cell systems for 641 environmental chemicals and 135 reference pharmaceuticals and failed drugs. Computational clustering of the profiling data provided insights into the polypharmacology and potential off-target effects for many chemicals that have limited or no toxicity information. The endpoints measured can be closely linked to in vivo outcomes, such as the upregulation of tissue factor in endothelial cell systems by compounds linked to the risk of thrombosis in vivo. Our results demonstrate that assaying complex biological pathways in primary human cells can identify potential chemical targets, toxicological liabilities and mechanisms useful for elucidating adverse outcome pathways.

Indexed as

Models, BiologicalSmall Molecule LibrariesAnimalsAnimal Testing AlternativesComputer SimulationHigh-Throughput Screening AssaysHumansMicePhenotypeRatsToxicity TestsUnited StatesUnited States Environmental Protection AgencySmall Molecule Libraries

Identifiers

PMID24837663
OpenAlexW1982438274

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.