ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2014
Characterizing longitudinal health state transitions among heroin, cocaine, and methamphetamine users.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of Simulation Models to Track and Address the Opioid Crisis.Epidemiologic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Randomized controlled trial of enhanced telephone monitoring with detoxification patients: 3- and 6-month outcomes.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2019Trial
- Cost-effectiveness of contingency management for methamphetamine use disorder: A model-based analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Cost-Effectiveness of Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy and Its Impact on Birth Outcomes.JAMA pediatrics · 2025Article
- Health and Economic Outcomes of Addressing Encampments of Individuals Using Opioids.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Article
- Health and Economic Outcomes of Offering Buprenorphine in Homeless Shelters in Massachusetts.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Analyzing and predicting short-term substance use behaviors of persons who use drugs in the great plains of the U.S.PloS one · 2024Article
- Modeling the cost-effectiveness and impact on fatal overdose and initiation of buprenorphine-naloxone treatment at syringe service programs.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2022Article
- Population-level impact of initiating pharmacotherapy and linking to care people with opioid use disorder at inpatient medically managed withdrawal programs: an effectiveness and cost-effectiveness analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2022Article
- Patterns of reduced use and abstinence in multi-site randomized controlled trials of pharmacotherapies for cocaine and methamphetamine use disorders.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- Modeling Hepatitis C Elimination Among People Who Inject Drugs in New Hampshire.JAMA network open · 2021Article
- Projected Estimates of Opioid Mortality After Community-Level Interventions.JAMA network open · 2021Article
- Assessing the longitudinal stability of latent classes of substance use among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2018Article
- Presumed structural and functional neural recovery after long-term abstinence from cocaine in male military veterans.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2018Article
- The role of prevention strategies in achieving HCV elimination in Canada: what are the remaining challenges?Canadian liver journal · 2018Review
- Polydrug use and its association with drug treatment outcomes among primary heroin, methamphetamine, and cocaine users.The International journal on drug policy · 2017Article
- Estimating State Transitions for Opioid Use Disorders.Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2017Article
- Stigma, Treatment, and Health among Stimulant Users: Life Stage as a Moderator.Journal of applied developmental psychologyArticle
- Perceived Treatment Need and Latent Transitions in Heroin and Methamphetamine Polydrug Use among People who Inject Drugs in Tijuana, Mexico.Journal of psychoactive drugsArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsCharacterize longitudinal patterns of drug use careers and identify determinants of drug use frequency across cohorts of primary heroin, methamphetamine (MA) and cocaine users.
designPooled analysis of prospective cohort studies. SETTINGS: Illicit drug users recruited from community, criminal justice and drug treatment settings in California, USA.
participantsWe used longitudinal data on from five observational cohort studies featuring primary users of heroin (N=629), cocaine (N=694) and methamphetamine (N=474). The mean duration of follow-up was 20.9 years. MEASUREMENTS: Monthly longitudinal data was arranged according to five health states (incarceration, drug treatment, abstinence, non-daily and daily use). We fitted proportional hazards (PH) frailty models to determine independent differences in successive episode durations. We then executed multi-state Markov (MSM) models to estimate probabilities of transitioning between health states, and the determinants of these transitions.
findingsAcross primary drug use types, PH frailty models demonstrated durations of daily use diminished in successive episodes over time. MSM models revealed primary stimulant users had more erratic longitudinal patterns of drug use, transitioning more rapidly between periods of treatment, abstinence, non-daily and daily use. MA users exhibited relatively longer durations of high-frequency use. Criminal engagement had a destabilizing effect on health state durations across drug types. Longer incarceration histories were associated with delayed transitions toward cessation.
conclusionsPH frailty and MSM modeling techniques provided complementary information on longitudinal patterns of drug abuse. This information can inform clinical practice and policy, and otherwise be used in health economic simulation models, designed to inform resource allocation decisions.
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