ArticleThe British journal of ophthalmology2014
Safety profiles of anti-VEGF drugs: bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept and ziv-aflibercept on human retinal pigment epithelium cells in culture.
Article in The British journal of ophthalmology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02173873 (Ziv-aflibercept in Eyes With Eyes With Retinal Diseases and Poor Vision-phase I), which is not on this map. Cited by 54 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Ziv-aflibercept in Eyes With Eyes With Retinal Diseases and Poor Vision-phase I
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed.
- Safety of intravitreal ziv-aflibercept in choroido-retinal vascular diseases: A randomised double-blind intervention study.PloS one · 2019Trial
- An In Vitro Evaluation of a New Approach in AMD: Effects of the Combination of Resveratrol and Anti-VEGFs on ARPE-19 Cells.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Development of a predictive model based on aqueous cytokines data for response to anti-VEGF therapy in diabetic macular edema.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2026Article
- Exploring the efficacy of a novel cannabidiol and bevacizumab combination in non-small cell lung cancer.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026Article
- Celafolin A-1 Ameliorates Subretinal Fibrosis via Inhibition of Crystallin Alpha B in a Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization Mouse Model.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress in diabetic retinopathy: mechanistic insights and emerging therapies.Biological research · 2026Review
- Pharmacological Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema: A 2025 Update on Durability and Multi-Target Therapies.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Aflibercept for the treatment of pigmentary retinopathy in Kearns-Sayre syndrome?Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Response: Aflibercept for the treatment of pigmentary retinopathy in Kearns-Sayre Syndrome?Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology · 2025Article
- The matricellular protein CCN5 prevents anti-VEGF drug-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of retinal pigment epithelium.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Impact of Nintedanib and Anti-Angiogenic Agents on Uveal Melanoma Cell Behavior.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Diabetic Macular Edema Management: A Review of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Therapies.Cureus · 2024Review
- Effects of aflibercept and bevacizumab on cell viability, cell metabolism and inflammation in hypoxic human Müller cells.PloS one · 2024Article
- Angiogenic signaling pathways and anti-angiogenic therapy for cancer.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- Intravitreal bevacizumab plus propranolol for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (the BEVALOL study): a phase I clinical trial.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2023Article
- Protein and polypeptide mediated delivery to the eye.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2022Review
- Alpinumisoflavone ameliorates choroidal neovascularisation and fibrosis in age-related macular degeneration in in vitro and in vivo models.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The sterility, stability and efficacy of repackaged ziv-aflibercept for intravitreal administration.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Safety of intraocular anti-VEGF antibody treatment underFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo compare the safety profiles of antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs ranibizumab, bevacizumab, aflibercept and ziv-aflibercept on retinal pigment epithelium cells in culture.
methodsHuman retinal pigment epithelium cells (ARPE-19) were exposed for 24 h to four anti-VEGF drugs at 1/2×, 1×, 2× and 10× clinical concentrations. Cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential assay were performed to evaluate early apoptotic changes and rate of overall cell death.
resultsCell viability decreased at 10× concentrations in bevacizumab (82.38%, p=0.0001), aflibercept (82.68%, p=0.0002) and ziv-aflibercept (77.25%, p<0.0001), but not at lower concentrations. However, no changes were seen in cell viability in ranibizumab-treated cells at all concentrations including 10×. Mitochondrial membrane potential was slightly decreased in 10× ranibizumab-treated cells (89.61%, p=0.0006) and 2× and 10× aflibercept-treated cells (88.76%, 81.46%; p<0.01, respectively). A larger reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential was seen at 1×, 2× and 10× concentrations of bevacizumab (86.53%, 74.38%, 66.67%; p<0.01) and ziv-aflibercept (73.50%, 64.83% and 49.65% p<0.01) suggestive of early apoptosis at lower doses, including the clinical doses.
conclusionsAt clinical doses, neither ranibizumab nor aflibercept produced evidence of mitochondrial toxicity or cell death. However, bevacizumab and ziv-aflibercept showed mild mitochondrial toxicity at clinically relevant doses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.