ArticlePloS one2014
Prevalence of bloodstream pathogens is higher in neonatal encephalopathy cases vs. controls using a novel panel of real-time PCR assays.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurological Outcome Following Newborn Encephalopathy With and Without Perinatal Infection: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Pooled it
- Neonatal Encephalopathy With Group B Streptococcal Disease Worldwide: Systematic Review, Investigator Group Datasets, and Meta-analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Pooled it
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- Infection and neonatal encephalopathy.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Contaminating plasmid sequences and disrupted vector genomes in the liver following adeno-associated virus gene therapy.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- PCR-based detection of cytomegalovirus in neonates and children, with emphasis on congenital and neonatal-screening cohorts: A systematic review and meta-analysis.SAGE open medicine · 2026Review
- Risk factors for infection and outcomes in infants with neonatal encephalopathy: a cohort study.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Article
- No neuroprotective effect of therapeutic hypothermia following lipopolysaccharide-sensitized hypoxia-ischemia: a newborn piglet study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Elevated serum IL-10 is associated with severity of neonatal encephalopathy and adverse early childhood outcomes.Pediatric research · 2022Article
- Group B Streptococcal Neonatal Meningitis.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- The association between early-onset sepsis and neonatal encephalopathy.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2022Article
- Osteoarticular Infections in Pediatric Hospitals in Europe: A Prospective Cohort Study From the EUCLIDS Consortium.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Need for more evidence in the prevention and management of perinatal asphyxia and neonatal encephalopathy in low and middle-income countries: A call for action.Seminars in fetal & neonatal medicine · 2021Review
- Surviving and Thriving: Early Intervention for Neonatal Survivors With Developmental Disability in Uganda.Infants and young children · 2021Article
- Inflammatory pathways amongst people living with HIV in Malawi differ according to socioeconomic status.PloS one · 2021Article
- Inflammatory Phenotypes Predict Changes in Arterial Stiffness Following Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Prognostic value of amplitude-integrated EEG in neonates with high risk of neurological sequelae.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2020Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn neonatal encephalopathy (NE), infectious co-morbidity is difficult to diagnose accurately, but may increase the vulnerability of the developing brain to hypoxia-ischemia. We developed a novel panel of species-specific real-time PCR assays to identify bloodstream pathogens amongst newborns with and without NE in Uganda. METHODOLOGY: Multiplex real-time PCR assays for important neonatal bloodstream pathogens (gram positive and gram negative bacteria, cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus(HSV) and P. falciparum) were performed on whole blood taken from 202 encephalopathic and 101 control infants. Automated blood culture (BACTEC) was performed for all cases and unwell controls. PRINCIPAL
findingsPrevalence of pathogenic bacterial species amongst infants with NE was 3.6%, 6.9% and 8.9%, with culture, PCR and both tests in combination, respectively. More encephalopathic infants than controls had pathogenic bacterial species detected (8.9%vs2.0%, p = 0.028) using culture and PCR in combination. PCR detected bacteremia in 11 culture negative encephalopathic infants (3 Group B Streptococcus, 1 Group A Streptococcus, 1 Staphylococcus aureus and 6 Enterobacteriacae). Coagulase negative staphylococcus, frequently detected by PCR amongst case and control infants, was considered a contaminant. Prevalence of CMV, HSV and malaria amongst cases was low (1.5%, 0.5% and 0.5%, respectively). CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: This real-time PCR panel detected more bacteremia than culture alone and provides a novel tool for detection of neonatal bloodstream pathogens that may be applied across a range of clinical situations and settings. Significantly more encephalopathic infants than controls had pathogenic bacterial species detected suggesting that infection may be an important risk factor for NE in this setting.
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