Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24835122›Full record

ArticleIEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering2014

Automated control of an adaptive bihormonal, dual-sensor artificial pancreas and evaluation during inpatient studies.

Peter G Jacobs, Joseph El Youssef, Jessica Castle, Parkash Bakhtiani, Deborah Branigan, Matthew Breen, David Bauer, Nicholas Preiser, Gerald Leonard, Tara Stonex and 1 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02688218 (Testing and Tuning a Multiparameter Exercise Detection Algorithm), which is not on this map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02688218 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

Testing and Tuning a Multiparameter Exercise Detection Algorithm

TypeinterventionalSponsorOregon Health and Science UniversityRan2016 to 2018Enrolled30ConditionsType 1 DiabetesArmsAerobic Exercise, Resistance Exercise
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed.

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  8. Early Stages of Automated Insulin Delivery.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2025
    Review
  9. Early Stages of Automated Insulin Delivery.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025
    Review
  10. Dosing Algorithms for Insulin Pumps.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Examining Sensor Agreement in Neural Network Blood Glucose Prediction.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2022
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Automated Insulin Delivery Algorithms.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2019
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Peter G Jacobs
Joseph El Youssef
Jessica Castle
Parkash Bakhtiani
Deborah Branigan
Matthew Breen
David Bauer
Nicholas Preiser
Gerald Leonard
Tara Stonex
W Kenneth Ward

Funding

Mitigating risk in a closed loop system by exercise detection and miniaturizationDP3DK101044 · NIDDK · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI CASTLE, JESSICA R, JACOBS, PETER G · 2013 to 2013
$2.9M
Optimization of an Adaptive Dual-Hormone External Endocrine Pancreas.K23DK090133 · NIDDK · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI EL YOUSSEF, JOSEPH · 2011 to 2015
$863k
NIDDK NIH HHS 1DP3DK101044-01NIDDK NIH HHS DK090133NIDDK NIH HHS DP3 DK101044NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK090133
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Automated control of blood glucose in patients with type-1 diabetes has not yet been fully implemented. The aim of this study was to design and clinically evaluate a system that integrates a control algorithm with off-the-shelf subcutaneous sensors and pumps to automate the delivery of the hormones glucagon and insulin in response to continuous glucose sensor measurements. The automated component of the system runs an adaptive proportional derivative control algorithm which determines hormone delivery rates based on the sensed glucose measurements and the meal announcements by the patient. We provide details about the system design and the control algorithm, which incorporates both a fading memory proportional derivative controller (FMPD) and an adaptive system for estimating changing sensitivity to insulin based on a glucoregulatory model of insulin action. For an inpatient study carried out in eight subjects using Dexcom SEVEN PLUS sensors, prestudy HbA1c averaged 7.6, which translates to an estimated average glucose of 171 mg/dL. In contrast, during use of the automated system, after initial stabilization, glucose averaged 145 mg/dL and subjects were kept within the euglycemic range (between 70 and 180 mg/dL) for 73.1% of the time, indicating improved glycemic control. A further study on five additional subjects in which we used a newer and more reliable glucose sensor (Dexcom G4 PLATINUM) and made improvements to the insulin and glucagon pump communication system resulted in elimination of hypoglycemic events. For this G4 study, the system was able to maintain subjects' glucose levels within the near-euglycemic range for 71.6% of the study duration and the mean venous glucose level was 151 mg/dL.

Indexed as

Insulin Infusion SystemsPancreas, ArtificialAdultAlgorithmsBlood GlucoseBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringGlucagonHormonesHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInpatientsInsulinMiddle AgedModels, BiologicalBlood GlucoseGlucagonHormonesHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin

Identifiers

PMID24835122
PMCPMC4175028

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.