Trial reportAmerican journal of obstetrics and gynecology2014
Changes in genital tract immune cell populations after initiation of intrauterine contraception.
Trial report in American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Copper intrauterine device use and HIV acquisition in women: a systematic review.BMJ sexual & reproductive health · 2020Pooled it
- Safety of intrauterine devices among women with HIV: a systematic review.Contraception · 2016Pooled it
- Systems analysis reveals differential expression of endocervical genes in African women randomized to DMPA-IM, LNG implant or cu-IUD.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2023Trial
- Impact of Hormonal Contraceptives on Cervical T-helper 17 Phenotype and Function in Adolescents: Results from a Randomized, Crossover Study Comparing Long-acting Injectable Norethisterone Oenanthate (NET-EN), Combined Oral Contraceptive Pills, and Combined Contraceptive Vaginal Rings.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Trial
- Impact of etonogestrel implant use on T-cell and cytokine profiles in the female genital tract and blood.PloS one · 2020Trial
- Cervico-vaginal inflammatory cytokine alterations after intrauterine contraceptive device insertion: A pilot study.PloS one · 2018Trial
- Effects of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device on the immune microenvironment of the human cervix and endometrium.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2016Trial
- Acceptability of randomization to levonorgestrel versus copper intrauterine device among women requesting IUD insertion for contraception.Contraception · 2015Trial
- Effect of progestin-based contraceptives on HIV-associated vaginal immune biomarkers and microbiome in adolescent girls.PloS one · 2024Article
- Evaluating the impact of three progestin-based hormonal contraceptive methods on immunologic changes in the female genital tract and systemically (CHIME Study): a prospective cohort study protocol.BMC women's health · 2022Article
- Zim CHIC: A cohort study of immune changes in the female genital tract associated with initiation and use of contraceptives.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2020Observational
- Use of Intrauterine Devices and Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Acquisition Among Insured Women in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Effects of three long-acting reversible contraceptive methods on HIV target cells in the human uterine cervix and peripheral blood.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2019Article
- Mucosal Immunity in HIV/SIV Infection: T Cells, B Cells and Beyond.Current immunology reviews · 2019Article
- The relationship between sex hormones, the vaginal microbiome and immunity in HIV-1 susceptibility in women.Disease models & mechanisms · 2018Review
- Hormonal Contraception and HIV-1 Acquisition: Biological Mechanisms.Endocrine reviews · 2018Review
- Progesterone-based compounds affect immune responses and susceptibility to infections at diverse mucosal sites.Mucosal immunology · 2017Review
- Characteristics of HIV target CD4 T cells collected using different sampling methods from the genital tract of HIV seronegative women.PloS one · 2017Article
- Levonorgestrel in contraceptives and multipurpose prevention technologies: does this progestin increase HIV risk or interact with antiretrovirals?AIDS (London, England) · 2016Article
- Contraceptive challenges in adolescents living with or at risk of HIV.Journal of virus eradication · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe primary target cells for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the genital tract are CD4 T cells that express CCR5 on the surface. Alterations in genital tract T cells that express CCR5 could impact HIV acquisition risk. We hypothesized that, when compared with baseline, the use of a hormonal intrauterine device (IUD) would alter HIV target cells (primarily CCR5+ CD4 cells) in the female genital tract more than a nonhormonal IUD. STUDY
designThirty-four healthy HIV-negative women aged 18-40 years who were seeking an IUD for contraception were assigned randomly to receive a levonorgestrel IUD or a copper T380A IUD. A parallel group of 8 control women who did not need contraception was also enrolled. Genital tract mucosal immune cell populations that were collected by cervical cytobrush and endometrial biopsy before and 2 months after IUD placement were analyzed by flow cytometry. Mean differences in cell number and percent that expressed receptors from baseline to follow-up examination were evaluated with the use of paired Student t tests.
resultsNeither IUD altered the number of T cells within the upper and lower genital tracts. Levonorgestrel IUD users had a decrease in T cells that expressed the HIV coreceptor CCR5 in the endometrium and cervix after 2 months of use compared with baseline. There was a decrease in activated endometrial T cells in levonorgestrel IUD users and a decrease in activated cervical T cells in copper IUD users after 2 months of IUD use, compared with baseline.
conclusionWomen who use IUDs have reduced expression of the CCR5 HIV coreceptor on T cells in the endometrium and cervix compared with expression before IUD placement. These findings suggest that susceptibility to HIV infection would not be increased by IUD use.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.