Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24833900›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2014

Formulation and delivery of itraconazole to the brain using a nanolipid carrier system.

Wei Meng Lim, Paruvathanahalli Siddalingam Rajinikanth, Chitneni Mallikarjun, Yew Beng Kang

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 99 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Self-emulsifying micelles as a drug nanocarrier system for itraconazole oral bioavailability enhancement;Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Wei Meng LimSchool of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Paruvathanahalli Siddalingam RajinikanthSchool of Pharmacy, Taylor's University, Selangor, Malaysia.
Chitneni MallikarjunSchool of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Yew Beng KangSchool of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
International Medical University · MYTaylor's University · MY

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to develop and characterize itraconazole (ITZ)-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and to study their potential for drug delivery into the brain. Precirol(®) ATO 5 and Transcutol(®) HP were selected as the lipid phase, and Tween(®) 80 and Solutol(®) HS15 as surfactants. The ITZ-NLCs were prepared by a hot and high-pressure homogenization method. The entrapment efficiency for the best formulation batch was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography and was found to be 70.5%±0.6%. The average size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index for the ITZ-NLCs used for animal studies were found to be 313.7±15.3 nm, -18.7±0.30 mV, and 0.562±0.070, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that ITZ-NLCs were spherical in shape, with a size of less than 200 nm. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffractometry analysis showed that ITZ was encapsulated in the lipid matrix and present in the amorphous form. The in vitro release study showed that ITZ-NLCs achieved a sustained release, with cumulative release of 80.6%±5.3% up to 24 hours. An in vivo study showed that ITZ-NLCs could increase the ITZ concentration in the brain by almost twofold. These results suggest that ITZ-NLCs can be exploited as nanocarriers to achieve sustained release and brain-targeted delivery.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntifungal AgentsBlood-Brain BarrierDiglyceridesDrug CompoundingEthylene GlycolsItraconazoleMiceNanocapsulesParticle SizePolyethylene GlycolsPolysorbatesStearic AcidsTissue DistributionAntifungal AgentscarbitolDiglyceridesEthylene GlycolsItraconazoleNanocapsulesPolyethylene GlycolsPolysorbatesprecirolSolutol HS 15Stearic Acidsbrain deliverylipid nanoparticlesnanostructured lipid carrier

Identifiers

PMID24833900
PMCPMC4014385
OpenAlexW1976348972

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.