ArticleBMJ open2014
Mode of delivery at birth and the metabolic syndrome in midlife: the role of the birth environment in a prospective birth cohort study.
Article in BMJ open, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of gut micorbiome in obesity and diabetes.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2019Pooled it
- Can Vaginal Seeding at Birth Improve Health Outcomes of Cesarean Section-Delivered Infants? A Scoping Review.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- A genome-wide association study of neonatal metabolites.Cell genomics · 2024Article
- Impact of cesarean section on metabolic syndrome components in offspring rats.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Relationship between Obstetric Mode of Delivery and Risk of Overweight/Obesity in 1- to 4-Year-Old Children.Obesity facts · 2022Article
- Association between caesarean section delivery and obesity in childhood: a longitudinal cohort study in Ireland.BMJ open · 2019Article
- The early life nutritional environment and early life stress as potential pathways towards the metabolic syndrome in mid-life? A lifecourse analysis using the 1958 British Birth cohort.BMC public health · 2016Article
- Alterations in the Vaginal Microbiome by Maternal Stress Are Associated With Metabolic Reprogramming of the Offspring Gut and Brain.Endocrinology · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe aim of this study is to examine the hypothesis that mode of delivery at birth may be associated with metabolic disorders in adult midlife.
settingPopulation cohort study
participantsThe National Child Development Study consists of individuals born during 1 week in 1958 in Great Britain. Respondents with biomedical data on the metabolic syndrome at age 45 were included. OUTCOME MEASURE: The metabolic syndrome was defined based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP-ATP) III classification.
results7156 were born naturally; among the caesarean births, 106 were non-elective and 85 were elective caesareans. The metabolic syndrome is present in 37.7% of those born by non-elective caesareans, 25.9% of those born by elective caesarean and 27.5% of those born by vaginal delivery. In a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for antenatal factors, birth history, mother's characteristics and the socioeconomic environment at birth, only birth by non-elective caesarean remained associated with the metabolic syndrome in adulthood compared with vaginal delivery (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.30). Mother's obesity (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.12 to 2.34) and low maternal education level (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.30 to 1.67) were also independently associated with midlife metabolic syndrome.
conclusionsBirth by non-elective caesarean in 1958 may be associated with metabolic syndrome in adulthood after adjusting for prior confounding factors. We suggest that the birth context of emergency caesareans in 1958 is suggestive of a 'fetal stress' mechanism affecting health across the lifecourse.
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