ReviewSeminars in immunopathology2014
B cells in MS and NMO: pathogenesis and therapy.
Review in Seminars in immunopathology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synergistic Interaction Between MALAT1/miR-30b-5p/BAFF Axis and Inflammatory Cytokines Underlies Rituximab-Refractory NMOSD.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Design and Synthesis of MBP-Fc-Bifunctional Peptide Inhibitor to ImproveMolecular pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- The emerging role of B cells in immune-mediated demyelinating diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Povetacicept (ALPN-303; TACI vTD-Fc), an enhanced, potent dual inhibitor of BAFF and APRIL, ameliorates experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis in C57BL/6N mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Case report: Granzyme-B expression by T- and B- cells during severe AQP4-positive Neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorder with fatal venous thromboembolism outcome.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Rituximab for the treatment of multiple sclerosis: a review.Journal of neurology · 2022Review
- The preventive Effectiveness of Rituximab in Pediatric Autoimmune and Inflammatory CNS Diseases Relapse: an Iranian Experience.Iranian journal of child neurology · 2022Article
- Cytotoxic B Cells in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- STAT3 Hyper-IgE Syndrome-an Update and Unanswered Questions.Journal of clinical immunology · 2021Review
- Rituximab and risk of COVID-19 infection and its severity in patients with MS and NMOSD.BMC neurology · 2021Article
- Neuroinflammation in Autoimmune Disease and Primary Brain Tumors: The Quest for Striking the Right Balance.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Review
- Serious safety events in rituximab-treated multiple sclerosis and related disorders.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2020Article
- Transitional B cells involved in autoimmunity and their impact on neuroimmunological diseases.Journal of translational medicine · 2020Review
- NewNeural regeneration research · 2019Article
- Article
- Characterization of pathogenic monoclonal autoantibodies derived from muscle-specific kinase myasthenia gravis patients.JCI insight · 2019Article
- Early B cell tolerance defects in neuromyelitis optica favour anti-AQP4 autoantibody production.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2019Article
- The role of B cells in multiple sclerosis: Current and future therapies.Cellular immunology · 2019Review
- Severe rebound after cessation of fingolimod treated with ocrelizumab with coincidental transient aggravation: report of two cases.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
B linage cells are versatile players in multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica/neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMO). New potential targets of autoantibodies have been described recently. Pathogenic mechanisms extend further to antigen presentation and cytokine production, which are increasingly recognized as therapeutic targets. In addition to pro-inflammatory effects of B cells, they may act also as anti-inflammatory via production of interleukin (IL)-10, IL-35, and other mechanisms. Definition of regulatory B cell subsets is an ongoing issue. Recent studies have provided evidence for a loss of B cell self-tolerance in MS. An immunogenetic approach demonstrated exchange of B cell clones between CSF and blood. The central nervous system (CNS) of MS patients fosters B cell survival, at least partly via BAFF and APRIL. The unexpected increase of relapses in a trial with a soluble BAFF/APRIL receptor (atacicept) suggests that this system is involved in MS, but with features that are not yet understood. In this review, we further discuss evidence for B cell and Ig contribution to human MS and NMO pathogenesis, pro-inflammatory and regulatory B cell effector functions, impaired B cell immune tolerance, the B cell-fostering microenvironment in the CNS, and B cell-targeted therapeutic interventions for MS and NMO, including CD20 depletion (rituximab, ocrelizumab, and ofatumumab), anti-IL6-R (tocilizumab), complement-blocking (eculizumab), inhibitors of AQP4-Ig binding (aquaporumab, small molecular compounds), and BAFF/BAFF-R-targeting agents.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.